Pain Perception in Man
Pain Perception in Man
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人类的疼痛感知
DOI：
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发表时间：
1978
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Hilgard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Hilgard
人类的厌恶状态包括从与特定类型的刺激相关的刺痛、抓伤、电击或打击所产生的短暂感觉疼痛，到更严重或更长时间的刺激所引起的痛苦，或者来自任何来源（识别或未识别）的长期经历的疼痛。最后，还有一种非常不同的精神痛苦，其中可能不存在疼痛的感官成分，但人因毁容、社会疏远或其他原因而失去自尊而感到痛苦。虽然这三种厌恶状态在某些方面都是感知的，但定义感觉模态的通常惯例是将其与特定的刺激源联系起来。疼痛只部分符合这一套惯例，当它被描述为痛苦、苦恼或苦难时，它的动机-情感内涵超出了特定的模态分类，并导致在解释厌恶状态的总体时出现一些令人困惑的问题。
Aversive states in man run the gamut from brief sensory pains produced by pricks, scratches, shocks, or blows associated with specific types of stimulation, to suffering caused by more severe or prolonged stimulation, or long-experienced pain from any source (identified or not). Finally, there is the very different suffering of mental anguish in which the sensory component of pain may be absent, but the person is distressed because of loss of self-esteem owing to disfigurement, social alienation, or other causes. Although these three kinds of aversive states are all in some respects perceptual, the usual conventions for defining a sensory modality relate it to specific sources of stimulation. Pain fits this set of conventions only in part, and its motivational-emotional connotations when it is described as anguish, distress, or suffering go beyond specific modality classification, and lead to some puzzling problems in the interpretation of the totality of aversive states.