Childhood predictors of adult criminality: are all risk factors reflected in childhood aggressiveness?
Childhood predictors of adult criminality: are all risk factors reflected in childhood aggressiveness?
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DOI：
10.1002/cbm.496
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dubow, Eric F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huesmann, L Rowell;Eron, Leonard D;Dubow, Eric F
背景技术背景：早期的侵略行为是一个最好的预测成人criminativity.AIM：要评估的程度，家庭背景变量，父母的信仰和行为和儿童智力预测儿童侵略和成人criminativity.METHOD：数据来自哥伦比亚县纵向研究，纵向研究856名儿童在三年级纽约，在1959-60。成人措施的犯罪行为，在8岁时采取的措施，儿童同行提名的侵略，儿童的同行提名的受欢迎程度，儿童的智商和父母的措施，在8 years were used.RESULTS：侵略性的儿童不太聪明，不太受欢迎，拒绝更多的父母，有父母谁相信惩罚，少认同他们的父母的自我形象，并不太可能表达内疚。成年后，父母受教育程度较低、婚姻不和谐、很少去教堂的好斗儿童最有可能被捕。然而，在早期攻击的影响得到控制后，大多数影响消失了，只有父母对惩罚有强烈的信念，才能显著增加30岁时被捕的风险;唯一能降低被捕风险的事实是父母经常去教堂。父母的权威主义和孩子的智商都降低了被捕儿童被定罪的风险。讨论：8岁时的攻击水平是未来22年犯罪事件的最佳预测指标。一个明确的含义是，犯罪的风险受到一个男孩在八岁之前发生的许多事情的影响。预防性干预措施需要针对似乎影响早期攻击发展的风险因素。
BACKGROUND: Early aggressive behaviour is one of the best predictors of adult criminality.AIM: To assess the degree to which family background variables, parental beliefs and behaviour and child intelligence predict child aggression and adult criminality.METHOD: Data were used from the Colombia County Longitudinal Study, a longitudinal study of 856 children in third grade in New York, in 1959-60. Adult measures of criminal behaviour, child measures taken at age eight, child peer-nominated aggression, child's peer-nominated popularity, child's IQ and parental measures at eight years were used.RESULTS: Aggressive children were less intelligent, less popular, rejected more by their parents, had parents who believed in punishment, were less identified with their parents' self-image and were less likely to express guilt. As adults, more aggressive children with parents who were less well educated, experienced more marital disharmony and who seldom attended church were most at risk for arrest. However, after the effect of early aggression was controlled, most effects disappeared and only parents having a strong belief in punishment added significantly to risk of arrest by age 30; the only fact that then reduced the risk of arrest was having parents who attended church often. Both parental authoritarianism and child IQ reduced the risk of conviction for arrested children.DISCUSSION: Level of aggression at age eight is the best predictor of criminal events over the next 22 years. A clear implication is that the risk for criminality is affected by much that happens to a boy before he is eight years old. Preventive interventions need to target risk factors that appear to influence the development of early aggression.