Impacts of Charging Choices for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles in 2030 Scenario
Impacts of Charging Choices for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles in 2030 Scenario
复制标题
2030 年情景下插电式混合动力汽车充电选择的影响
DOI：
10.3141/2287-02
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Michael Q. Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Elgowainy;Yan Zhou;A. Vyas;M. Mahalik;D. Santini;Michael Q. Wang
本研究系统地研究了2030年美国西部多插电式混合动力电动汽车（PHEV）充电方案的潜在影响，特别是西部电力协调理事会（WECC）的服务区。该研究的目标是双重的：检查市场渗透和PHEV充电对电力公司和输电网的影响，并估计石油使用和温室气体（GHG）排放的潜在减少归因于PHEV主要在电网电力上行驶的里程。研究了插电式混合动力汽车的三种充电场景：（a）在最后一次每日旅行结束后抵达家中时开始充电，（B）在第一次每日旅行开始之前完成电池充电，以及（c）白天的任何额外充电机会。这三种充电方案产生了不同的小时电力负荷曲线，机会充电方案导致白天负荷显著增加。然而，当在WECC区域对这些充电方案进行公用事业调度模拟时，它们都表现出类似的边际发电混合（由天然气联合循环技术主导）以满足PHEV负荷，并且温室气体排放量彼此在2%以内。一项从油井到车轮的分析显示，与传统的汽油内燃机车辆相比，边际发电混合动力车的温室气体排放量降低了40%至45%。
This study systematically examined the potential impacts of recharging scenarios for multiple plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in the western United States—in particular, the service area of the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC)—in 2030. The goal of the study was twofold: to examine the impact of scenarios for market penetration and charging of PHEVs on the electric utilities and transmission grid and to estimate the potential reductions in petroleum use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions attributable to PHEV miles traveled on primarily grid electricity. Three charging scenarios for PHEVS were examined: (a) begin recharging upon arrival at home at the end of the last daily trip, (b) complete recharging of batteries just before the start of the first daily trip, and (c) any additional charging opportunity during the daytime. The three charging scenarios produced distinct hourly electric load profiles, with the opportunity-charging scenario resulting in a significant increase in load during the daytime. However, when the utility dispatch simulations were run for these charging scenarios in the WECC area, they all exhibited similar marginal-generation mixes (dominated by the natural gas combined-cycle technology) to satisfy the PHEV load, and GHG emissions were within 2% of each other. A well-to-wheel analysis revealed that the marginal-generation mixes produced 40% to 45% lower GHG emissions by PHEVs than did conventional gasoline internal combustion engine vehicles.