Profiling of small RNA cargo of extracellular vesicles shed by Trypanosoma cruzi reveals a specific extracellular signature
Profiling of small RNA cargo of extracellular vesicles shed by Trypanosoma cruzi reveals a specific extracellular signature
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DOI：
10.1016/j.molbiopara.2015.03.003
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Cayota, Alfonso
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernandez-Calero, Tamara;Garcia-Silva, Rosa;Cayota, Alfonso
近年来，越来越多的小调控rna家族（如microRNAs、sirna和piRNAs）被认为是大多数真核生物转录后基因调控新形式的关键参与者。然而，与Ago/ dicer依赖性小RNA生物发生相关的机制被认为在一些单细胞生物中要么完全丢失，要么被广泛简化，包括克氏锥虫、酿酒酵母、利什曼原虫和恶性疟原虫。虽然来自非编码RNA的小RNA的生物发生在真核细胞中只占正常小RNA转录组的一小部分，但它们代表了克氏锥虫独特的小RNA途径，产生来自tRNAs、RNAs、sn/snoRNAs和mrna的不同小RNA群体。这些小rna包括在细胞外囊泡中分泌，并转移到其他寄生虫和易感哺乳动物细胞中。这一过程代表了遗传物质跨界转移的一种新形式，表明分泌囊泡可能代表了生命周期转变、传染性和细胞间通讯的新相关片段。在这里，我们首次使用深度测序技术对营养胁迫条件下克氏绦虫细胞外囊泡的小RNA货物进行了详细分析，并与各自的细胞内隔室进行了比较。与细胞内腔室相比，脱落的细胞外囊泡显示出特定的细胞外特征，由来自rRNA、tRNA、sno/ snrna和蛋白质编码序列的独特小RNA模式所符合，证明了特定的分泌小RNA加工途径。(C) 2015 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Over the last years, an expanding family of small regulatory RNAs (e.g. microRNAs, siRNAs and piRNAs) was recognized as key players in novel forms of post-transcriptional gene regulation in most eukaryotes. However, the machinery associated with Ago/Dicer-dependent small RNA biogenesis was thought to be either entirely lost or extensively simplified in some unicellular organisms including Trypanosoma cruzi, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum. Although the biogenesis of small RNAs from non-coding RNAs represent a minor fraction of the normal small RNA transcriptome in eukaryotic cells, they represent the unique small RNA pathways in Trypanosoma cruzi which produce different populations of small RNAs derived from tRNAs, rRNAs, sn/snoRNAs and mRNAs. These small RNAs are secreted included in extracellular vesicles and transferred to other parasites and susceptible mammalian cells. This process represents a novel form of cross-kingdom transfer of genetic material suggesting that secreted vesicles could represent new relevant pieces in life cycle transitions, infectivity and cell-to-cell communication. Here, we provide for the first time a detailed analysis of the small RNA cargo of extracellular vesicles from T. cruzi epimastigotes under nutritional stress conditions compared to the respective intracellular compartment using deep sequencing. Compared with the intracellular compartment, shed extracellular vesicles showed a specific extracellular signature conformed by distinctive patterns of small RNAs derived from rRNA, tRNA, sno/snRNAs and protein coding sequences which evidenced specific secretory small RNA processing pathways. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.