Women Remain at Risk of Iodine Deficiency during Pregnancy: The Importance of Iodine Supplementation before Conception and Throughout Gestation
Women Remain at Risk of Iodine Deficiency during Pregnancy: The Importance of Iodine Supplementation before Conception and Throughout Gestation
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DOI：
10.3390/nu11010172
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Burgess, John R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hynes, Kristen L.;Seal, Judy A.;Burgess, John R.
在澳大利亚，建议孕妇服用碘补充剂 (I-supp)（150 微克/天），以降低胎儿与碘缺乏 (ID) 相关的风险。为了检查该建议对碘状况的影响，并确定有助于妊娠期间碘充足的因素，对塔斯马尼亚州 255 名孕妇（妊娠范围为 6 至 41 周）的补充剂使用情况和尿碘浓度 (UIC) 进行了测量。中位 UIC (MUIC) 为 133 μg/L（四分位数范围 82-233），表明 ID 正常，低于妊娠期间充足的 150-249 μg/L 范围。服用含碘补充剂 (I-supp) 的女性的 MUIC (155 μg/L) (n = 171) 明显高于那些从未服用过 (120 μg/L) (n = 61) 或不再服用 I-supp (90 μg/L) (n = 23) 的女性的综合 MUIC (112.5 μ g/L) (n = 84) (p = 0.017）。在报告使用 I-supp 的女性中，受孕前开始建议的 150 微克/天补充的 MUIC 显着高于确认怀孕后开始补充的女性：196 (98-315) 微克/升 (n = 45) 对比 137.5 (82.5-233.5) 微克/升 (n = 124)，p = 0.032。尽管建议补充碘，塔斯马尼亚孕妇仍然面临患碘缺乏病的风险。为了确保充足，需要在受孕前开始每天 150 微克的 I-supp 并持续整个怀孕期间。需要及时就足够的碘营养的重要性提出建议，包括补充碘，以减少对胎儿造成子宫内不可逆转的神经认知损害的风险。
In Australia, pregnant women are advised to take an iodine supplement (I-supp) (150 mu g/day) to reduce risks to the foetus associated with iodine deficiency (ID). To examine the impact of this recommendation on iodine status, and to identify factors that contribute to adequacy during gestation, supplement use and Urinary Iodine Concentration (UIC) was measured in 255 pregnant women (gestation range 6 to 41 weeks) in Tasmania. The median UIC (MUIC) of 133 mu g/L (Inter-quartile range 82-233) was indicative of ID, being below the 150-249 mu g/L range for adequacy during pregnancy. Women taking an iodine-containing-supplement (I-supp) had a significantly higher MUIC (155 mu g/L) (n = 171) compared to the combined MUIC (112.5 mu g/L) (n = 84) of those who had never (120 mu g/L) (n = 61) or were no longer taking an I-supp (90 mu g/L) (n = 23) (p = 0.017). Among women reporting I-supp use, the MUIC of those commencing the recommended 150 mu g/day prior to conception was significantly higher than those starting supplementation following pregnancy confirmation: 196 (98-315) mu g/L (n = 45) versus 137.5 (82.5-233.5) mu g/L (n = 124), p = 0.032. Despite recommendations for iodine supplementation pregnant Tasmanian women remain at risk of ID. Commencing an I-supp of 150 mu g/day prior to conception and continuing throughout pregnancy is required to ensure adequacy. Timely advice regarding the importance of adequate iodine nutrition, including supplementation is needed to reduce the risk of irreversible in utero neurocognitive damage to the foetus.