Observations on bark-stripping by red deer in a Picea sitchensis forest in Western Scotland over a 35-year period
Observations on bark-stripping by red deer in a Picea sitchensis forest in Western Scotland over a 35-year period
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35 年来对苏格兰西部云杉森林中马鹿剥树皮的观察
DOI：
10.1080/02827581.2016.1247464
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
D. Scott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Welch;D. Scott
摘要本文报道了红鹿剥树皮对1825公顷西云杉种植园的影响。 监测始于1978年，最初在37个地点有6500棵树;到2014年，由于砍伐，只有10个地点仍然存在。从7年生到c年生的采伐，立地易剥树皮。45年平均发病率为1%。一年中一个地点的严重破坏（>2%的树木受损）通常会在第二年受到严重破坏，但平均而言，一年中有53%的地点没有受到破坏。许多树木遭受重复伤害，这降低了最终的影响。与根据年损害和损害持续时间计算的理论影响相比，损失为30%。树皮剥离的树木平均小于情节的平均周长，一旦这些手段超过20厘米，这只有一个轻微的影响，因为树皮剥离的小树有类似的死亡率未受损的小树的最终影响。 大多数伤口（>90%）较小（<180 cm 2）且愈合迅速，因此不太可能发生腐烂。 较大的伤口在不到8年的时间内从未愈合，但愈合的比例在受伤后10年至20年逐渐增加。
ABSTRACT The impact of bark-stripping by red deer on an 1825 ha plantation of Picea sitchensis is reported. Monitoring began in 1978 with initially 6500 trees at 37 sites; by 2014, only 10 sites remained due to felling. Sites became vulnerable to bark-stripping once the trees reached 7 years’ age, and from then until felling at age c. 45 years, incidence rates averaged 1% of the trees damaged yearly. Intense damage at a site in a year (>2% trees damaged) was often followed by intense damage next year, but, on average, 53% of sites were undamaged in a year. Many trees suffered repeat wounding, which reduced final impact by c. 30% compared to the theoretical impact calculated from annual damage and damage duration. The trees bark-stripped were on average smaller than plot mean girths once these means exceeded 20 cm; this had only a minor effect on the final impact since bark-stripped small trees had similar mortality to undamaged small trees. Most wounds (>90%) were small (<180 cm2) and healed quickly, so were unlikely to develop decay. Larger wounds never healed in less than 8 years, but the proportion healed increased progressively from 10 to 20 years after wounding.