Development of refractive error and strabismus in children with Down syndrome
Development of refractive error and strabismus in children with Down syndrome
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DOI：
10.1167/iovs.01-0131
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Fraser, WI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cregg, M;Woodhouse, JM;Fraser, WI
目的。目的：探讨屈光不正和斜视在唐氏综合征患儿队列中的发展。我们对55名唐氏综合症儿童的数据进行了分析，这些儿童参与了这项视觉发育的纵向研究，我们在他们两岁以下的时候首次对他们进行了检查，并在至少两个其他场合对他们进行了分析。莫辛德拉视网膜镜检测屈光不正。使用Hirschberg试验评估眼位，如果可能的话，使用覆盖试验。尽管唐氏综合症儿童的大屈光不正患病率很高，但纵向数据显示，这些并不总是出现在婴儿期早期。在整个研究过程中，21名儿童（38%）出现斜视。在24名一开始就有明显屈光不正的儿童中，只有6名（25%）出现远视。其他人则保持或加重了他们的屈光不正。其余10名儿童一开始是屈光不正，但后来出现了明显的屈光不正。唐氏综合征儿童的斜视患病率很高（占总组的29%），这不能归因于远视或屈光参差。在许多唐氏综合症儿童中，婴儿屈光不正的保留或发展表明了正视化的失败。无论屈光不正，所有儿童都有斜视的风险。这些发现对筛查项目的时机有影响。
PURPOSE. To investigate the development of refractive errors and strabismus in a cohort of children with Down syndrome.METHOD. Data for 55 children with Down syndrome who are participating in this longitudinal study of visual development, first examined by us when aged less than 2 years and on at least two other occasions, were analyzed. Mohindra retinoscopy was used to measure refractive error. Ocular alignment was assessed using the Hirschberg test and, when possible, the cover test.RESULTS. Despite the high prevalence of large refractive errors in children with Down syndrome, longitudinal data showed that these are not always present in early infancy. Twenty-one (38%) of the children were emmetropic throughout the study. Of the 24 children with a significant refractive error at the outset, only 6 (25%) showed emmetropization. The others retained or increased their refractive errors. The remaining 10 children were emmetropic at the outset, but then had a significant refractive error develop. There is a high prevalence of strabismus in children with Down syndrome (29% of the total group), which cannot be attributed to the presence of hypermetropia or anisometropia.CONCLUSIONS. The retention or development of infantile refractive errors in many children with Down syndrome indicates a failure of emmetropization. All children were at risk of strabismus whatever the refractive error. The findings have implications for timing of screening programs.