Intimate Partner Violence and Social Pressure among Gay Men in Six Countries.
Intimate Partner Violence and Social Pressure among Gay Men in Six Countries.
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DOI：
10.5811/westjem.2012.3.11779
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发表时间：
2012-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Stephenson R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Finneran C;Chard A;Sineath C;Sullivan P;Stephenson R
最近的研究表明，与男性发生性关系的男性（MSM）经历亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的比率明显高于异性恋男性。然而，很少有研究调查的影响，异性恋的社会压力-即同性恋歧视，内化同性恋恐惧症，和异性恋-对风险的IPV男男性接触者之间，没有以前的研究探讨了跨国的变化，IPV和社会压力之间的关系。本文考察了美国互联网招募的MSM样本中IPV的报告及其与社会压力的关联，加拿大、澳大利亚、英国、南非和巴西。我们通过在Facebook上放置的选择性横幅广告从6个国家招募了使用互联网的MSM。合格标准是18岁以上的男性，在过去一年中报告与男性发生性关系。在2，771名合格的受访者中，2，368人拥有完整的数据并被纳入分析。审查了三项成果：报告最近遭受身体暴力、性暴力和最近实施身体暴力的经历。分析的重点是IPV的报告和同性恋歧视，内化同性恋恐惧症和heteronormativity的经验之间的关联。报告经历身体IPV的比例从美国的5.75%到南非的11.75%不等，而经历性暴力的报告不太常见，从澳大利亚的2.54%到美国的4.52%不等。同性恋歧视，内化同性恋恐惧症和heteronormativity的经验，发现在所有国家报告IPV的几率增加。关于男男性行为者的IPV数据很少，特别是生活在低收入和中等收入国家的男男性行为者。尽管缺乏共识的暴力报告的人口相关性，异性恋的社会压力被发现显着增加IPV在所有国家的报告几率。这些研究结果表明，暴力报告的普遍性，在男男性行为者之间的国家，并强调异性恋作为一个风险因素的男男性行为者之间的暴力报告的独特作用。结果表明，使用基于互联网的调查，以达到男男性行为者是可行的某些领域，虽然修改的努力可能需要达到不同的样本男男性行为者。
Recent research suggests that men who have sex with men (MSM) experience intimate partner violence (IPV) at significantly higher rates than heterosexual men. Few studies, however, have investigated implications of heterosexist social pressures – namely, homophobic discrimination, internalized homophobia, and heterosexism – on risk for IPV among MSM, and no previous studies have examined cross-national variations in the relationship between IPV and social pressure. This paper examines reporting of IPV and associations with social pressure among a sample of internet-recruited MSM in the United States (U.S.), Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, South Africa, and Brazil. We recruited internet-using MSM from 6 countries through selective banner advertisements placed on Facebook. Eligibility criteria were men age over 18 reporting sex with a man in the past year. Of the 2,771 eligible respondents, 2,368 had complete data and were included in the analysis. Three outcomes were examined: reporting recent experience of physical violence, sexual violence, and recent perpetration of physical violence. The analysis focused on associations between reporting of IPV and experiences of homophobic discrimination, internalized homophobia, and heteronormativity. Reporting of experiencing physical IPV ranged from 5.75% in the U.S. to 11.75% in South Africa, while experiencing sexual violence was less commonly reported and ranged from 2.54% in Australia to 4.52% in the U.S. Perpetration of physical violence ranged from 2.47% in the U.S. to 5.76% in South Africa. Experiences of homophobic discrimination, internalized homophobia, and heteronormativity were found to increase odds of reporting IPV in all countries. There has been little data on IPV among MSM, particularly MSM living in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the lack of consensus in demographic correlates of violence reporting, heterosexist social pressures were found to significantly increase odds of reporting IPV in all countries. These findings show the universality of violence reporting among MSM across countries, and highlight the unique role of heteronormativity as a risk factor for violence reporting among MSM. The results demonstrate that using internet-based surveys to reach MSM is feasible for certain areas, although modified efforts may be required to reach diverse samples of MSM.