Review of Hakan Karlsson and Tomas Diez Acosta’s The Johnson Administration’s Cuba Policy: From “Dirty War” to Passive Containment (London: Routledge, 2020)
Review of Hakan Karlsson and Tomas Diez Acosta’s The Johnson Administration’s Cuba Policy: From “Dirty War” to Passive Containment (London: Routledge, 2020)
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哈坎·卡尔森和托马斯·迪兹·阿科斯塔的《约翰逊政府的古巴政策回顾：从“肮脏战争”到被动遏制》（伦敦：劳特利奇，2020）
DOI：
10.1163/22134360-09601021
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hideaki Kami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mathias Girault;Hyonchol Kim;Kenji Matsuura;Masao Odaka;Akihiro Hattori;Hideyuki Terazono;Kenji Yasuda;Hideaki Kami
约翰·F·肯尼迪遇刺后肯尼迪，林登B.约翰逊继承了旨在推翻菲德尔·卡斯特罗政权的古巴政策。到那时，臭名昭著的秘密行动似乎无效，在最坏的情况下，适得其反。猪湾入侵以灾难告终，它说服苏联用核导弹保卫古巴革命。新总统最不想做的就是重演涉及苏联的类似国际冲突。那么，为什么约翰逊不选择接受90英里外共产主义政权的存在呢？在他的总统任期即将结束时，甚至肯尼迪也探索了与古巴领导人对话的可能性。为什么约翰逊不做同样的事呢？哈坎·卡尔松（Håkan Karlsson）和托马斯·迭斯·阿科斯塔（Tomás Diez Acosta）的这本书没有提到对话，但他们对这些问题的答案是明确的。约翰逊无意选择与哈瓦那和平共处，他更愿意将这场秘密战争改造成一场代价较低、更可持续的战争。他从来没有像肯尼迪那样热衷于中情局的综合秘密行动计划，他开始逐步减少。但这位美国总统对古巴革命几乎没有同情心，他的首要任务是连任、越南战争和其他任何事情。随着1964年7月美洲国家组织决议要求对古巴实行半球范围的禁运，约翰逊政府升级了对古巴的经济战争。加上心理战、偶尔的挑衅和持续努力切断古巴与西欧和日本的贸易，其古巴政策继续以推翻古巴政权为目标。
After the assassination of John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson inherited the Cuban policy designed to overthrow the Fidel Castro regime. By then, the infamous covert operations appeared ineffective at best, counterproductive at worst. The Bay of Pigs invasion ended in disaster, and it convinced the Soviet Union to defend the Cuban Revolution with nuclear missiles. The last thing the new president wanted was to repeat a similar international conflict involving the Soviet Union. So why didn’t Johnson choose to accept the existence of the Communist regime 90 miles away? Around the end of his presidency, even Kennedy had explored the possibility of dialogue with the Cuban leader. Why didn’t Johnson do the same?This book by Håkan Karlsson and Tomás Diez Acosta makes no mention of dialogue, but their answers to these questions are clear. Johnson had no intention of choosing peaceful coexistence with Havana, and he preferred to remodel the secret war into a less expensive and more sustainable one. Never as enthusiastic as Kennedy about the cia’s Integrated Covert Action Program, he moved to phase it down. But the US president had little sympathy for the Cuban Revolution, and his priority was on his reelection, the war in Vietnam, andanythingelse. WiththeJuly1964passageof theoasresolutioncallingfora hemispheric-wide embargo on Cuba, the Johnson administration escalated its economic war against Cuba. Combined with psychological warfare, occasional provocations, and persistent efforts to cut Cuba’s trade with Western Europe and Japan, its Cuba policy continued to aim for the overthrow of the Cuban regime.