Modern Siberian dog ancestry was shaped by several thousand years of Eurasian-wide trade and human dispersal.
Modern Siberian dog ancestry was shaped by several thousand years of Eurasian-wide trade and human dispersal.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2100338118
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发表时间：
2021-09-28
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Frantz L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feuerborn TR;Carmagnini A;Losey RJ;Nomokonova T;Askeyev A;Askeyev I;Askeyev O;Antipina EE;Appelt M;Bachura OP;Beglane F;Bradley DG;Daly KG;Gopalakrishnan S;Murphy Gregersen K;Guo C;Gusev AV;Jones C;Kosintsev PA;Kuzmin YV;Mattiangeli V;Perri AR;Plekhanov AV;Ramos-Madrigal J;Schmidt AL;Shaymuratova D;Smith O;Yavorskaya LV;Zhang G;Willerslev E;Meldgaard M;Gilbert MTP;Larson G;Dalén L;Hansen AJ;Sinding MS;Frantz L
自从大约1万年前狗在西伯利亚北极地区首次出现以来，该地区发生了许多社会变化。这些变化包括大约2000年前出现的炼铁技术和大约800年前出现的驯鹿畜牧业。对49只古狗基因组的分析显示，北极西伯利亚狗的祖先在过去2000年里发生了变化，原因是欧亚草原和欧洲狗的大量涌入。结合人类基因组数据和考古证据，我们的研究结果表明，尽管北极西伯利亚人口的祖先在这一时期没有改变，但那里的人们参与了与遥远社区的贸易，这些社区既涉及狗，也涉及物质文化。9500多年来，狗对西伯利亚北极地区的生活至关重要，人与狗之间的紧密联系在西伯利亚社区继续存在。尽管像涅涅茨人这样的北极西伯利亚群体从邻近群体那里获得了有限的基因流动，但考古证据表明，大约2000年前，西伯利亚西北部出现了冶金和新的生存策略。目前还不清楚西伯利亚北极狗的种群是否和该地区的人一样是连续的，或者是否发生了混合，可能与欧亚大陆其他地区物质文化的涌入有关。为了解决这个问题，我们对20只古代和历史上的西伯利亚和欧亚草原狗的基因组进行了测序和分析。我们的分析表明，虽然在9500至7000年前，西伯利亚狗的基因是同质的，但后来从欧亚草原和欧洲引入的狗导致了大量的混合。在iamal -涅涅茨地区（西伯利亚西北部），铁器时代（约2000年前）的狗与欧洲和草原狗的血统明显少于中世纪时期（约1000年前）的狗。结合从这些考古遗址中发现的非本地材料，包括玻璃珠和金属物品，这些结果表明，西伯利亚西北部的社区与一个更大的贸易网络相连，通过这个网络，他们从其他地区获得了基因独特的狗。这些交换是一系列重大社会变革的一部分，包括大约800年前大规模驯鹿畜牧业的兴起。
The Siberian Arctic has witnessed numerous societal changes since the first known appearance of dogs in the region ∼10,000 years ago. These changes include the introduction of ironworking ∼2,000 years ago and the emergence of reindeer pastoralism ∼800 years ago. The analysis of 49 ancient dog genomes reveals that the ancestry of Arctic Siberia dogs shifted over the last 2,000 years due to an influx of dogs from the Eurasian Steppe and Europe. Combined with genomic data from humans and archaeological evidence, our results suggest that though the ancestry of human populations in Arctic Siberia did not change over this period, people there participated in trade with distant communities that involved both dogs and material culture. Dogs have been essential to life in the Siberian Arctic for over 9,500 y, and this tight link between people and dogs continues in Siberian communities. Although Arctic Siberian groups such as the Nenets received limited gene flow from neighboring groups, archaeological evidence suggests that metallurgy and new subsistence strategies emerged in Northwest Siberia around 2,000 y ago. It is unclear if the Siberian Arctic dog population was as continuous as the people of the region or if instead admixture occurred, possibly in relation to the influx of material culture from other parts of Eurasia. To address this question, we sequenced and analyzed the genomes of 20 ancient and historical Siberian and Eurasian Steppe dogs. Our analyses indicate that while Siberian dogs were genetically homogenous between 9,500 to 7,000 y ago, later introduction of dogs from the Eurasian Steppe and Europe led to substantial admixture. This is clearly the case in the Iamal-Nenets region (Northwestern Siberia) where dogs from the Iron Age period (∼2,000 y ago) possess substantially less ancestry related to European and Steppe dogs than dogs from the medieval period (∼1,000 y ago). Combined with findings of nonlocal materials recovered from these archaeological sites, including glass beads and metal items, these results indicate that Northwest Siberian communities were connected to a larger trade network through which they acquired genetically distinctive dogs from other regions. These exchanges were part of a series of major societal changes, including the rise of large-scale reindeer pastoralism ∼800 y ago.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Frantz, Laurent A. F.;Mullin, Victoria E.;Larson, Greger
通讯作者：
Larson, Greger
影响因子：
3
作者：
Korneliussen TS;Albrechtsen A;Nielsen R
通讯作者：
Nielsen R
DOI：
10.21638/11701/spbu02.2019.217
发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
0.2
作者：
Fedorova, N., V;Gusev, An, V
通讯作者：
Gusev, An, V
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Pitulko, Vladimir V.;Kasparov, Aleksey K.
通讯作者：
Kasparov, Aleksey K.
DOI：
10.1093/bioinformatics/btp698
发表时间：
2010-03-01
期刊：
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Li H;Durbin R
通讯作者：
Durbin R