Regional-Scale Archaeological Remote Sensing in the Age of Big Data Automated Site Discovery vs. Brute Force Methods
Regional-Scale Archaeological Remote Sensing in the Age of Big Data Automated Site Discovery vs. Brute Force Methods
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DOI：
10.7183/2326-3768.2.3.222
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Casana, Jesse
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Casana, Jesse
随着考古学家可获得的高分辨率航空和卫星图像数量不断增加，许多研究人员试图通过开发自动化方法来帮助发现和绘制考古遗址和特征来应对这一“大数据”挑战。本文回顾了创建自动化发现工具的几项值得注意的努力，包括谱方法和基于对象的方法，并强调了这些项目遇到的困难。相反，论证人类分析师在考古发现中的至关重要的作用，我说明了一个正在进行的项目，利用CORONA卫星图像记录在北方肥沃新月300，000公里（2）的研究区域以前未知的网站的中期结果。该项目基于我称之为“蛮力”的方法，依靠训练有素的分析人员对图像进行系统的探索，现已成功建立了一个包含14 000多个地点的数据库，其中约10 000个地点以前没有记录。该项目的结果强调了人类干预的必要性，使任何考古发现有意义，这表明图像分析，像任何考古调查行为，需要一个从事，周到和创造性的学者。
With the ever expanding quantity of high-resolution aerial and satellite imagery available to archaeologists, numerous researchers have sought to address this "big data" challenge by developing automated methods to aid in the discovery and mapping of archaeological sites and features. This paper reviews several notable efforts to create automated discovery tools, including both spectral and object-based approaches, and highlights the difficulties these projects have encountered. Arguing instead for the critically important role of a human analyst in archaeological discovery, I illustrate interim results of an ongoing project that utilizes CORONA satellite imagery to document previously unknown sites in a 300,000 km(2) study area in the northern Fertile Crescent. The project is based on what I term "brute force" methods, relying on systematic exploration of imagery by trained analysts, and has now successfully created a database of more than 14,000 sites, some 10,000 of which are previously undocumented. Results of the project highlight the need for human intervention to make any archaeological discovery meaningful, suggesting that imagery analysis, like any act of archaeological investigation, requires an engaged, thoughtful and creative scholar.