Male Polymorphism and Gynandromorphs in the Ant Cardiocondyla emeryi
Male Polymorphism and Gynandromorphs in the Ant Cardiocondyla emeryi
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蚂蚁心髁的雄性多态性和雌雄同体
DOI：
10.1007/s001140050362
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Trenkle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Heinze;S. Trenkle
蚁属的雄性多型性是其特有的特征：有些种类的雄性具有典型雄性蚂蚁的所有形态特征，如眼睛大、触角细长、翅膀发达和胸部大。在其他物种中，雄性无翅，表面上类似于工人（“ergatoid male”），在第三组物种中，两种雄性变体都存在[1]。雄性形态与明显不同的生殖行为有关：有翼的雄性被认为是从巢中迁移出来，与来自其他殖民地的处女蜂王交配，而无翼的雄性则留在巢中，试图通过杀死竞争对手的ergatoid雄性来垄断所有在自己殖民地羽化的年轻蜂王[2-4]。此外，在有翅的雄性中，与在这方面研究的所有其他蚂蚁、蜜蜂和黄蜂的雄性一样，精子发生在雄性达到性成熟时已经停止，睾丸已经开始退化，而精子发生在ergatoid雄性的整个成年生活中继续[5]。这种迷人的男性多态性的近因尚不清楚。在这里，我们提供了有关这两种雄性变体行为的初步数据，并报告了C中雌雄同株的发生情况。Emeryi，结合了雄性和雌性的联合收割机形态特征的基因型镶嵌物。后一个发现表明，多态性蚁蚁的雄性形态可能受到控制雌性种姓分化的相同因素的影响。蚁是一种微小的蚁，生活在由几十个工蚁和许多蚁后组成的群体中，生活在桑迪的洞穴、中空的树枝或整个热带和亚热带的石头下。10个C. 1995年1月1日至10日，在西印度群岛巴巴多斯岛布里奇敦以北约5公里处采集了埃默里。蚁群在木麻黄下筑巢
The ant genus Cardiocondyla is characterized by a peculiar male polymorphism: in some species, males have all morphological characters of typical ant males, such as enlarged eyes, long and slender antennae, welldeveloped wings, and a bulky thorax. In others, the males are wingless and superficially resemble workers (“ergatoid males”), and in a third group of species, both male morphs occur [1]. Male morphology is associated with strikingly different reproductive behavior: winged males are thought to emigrate from the nest and to mate with virgin queens from other colonies, whereas wingless males stay in the nest where they attempt to monopolize all young queens eclosing in their own colony by killing rival ergatoid males [2–4]. Furthermore, whereas in winged males, as in the males of all other ants, bees, and wasps studied in this respect, spermatogenesis has stopped and the testes have started to degenerate by the time males reach sexual maturity, spermatogenesis continues throughout the whole adult life of ergatoid males [5]. The proximate causes of this fascinating male polymorphism are unknown. Here we present preliminary data on the behavior of both male morphs and report on the occurrence of gynandromorphs in C. emeryi, genotypic mosaics which combine morphological features of males and females. The latter finding indicates that male morphology in polymorphic Cardiocondyla is probably affected by the same factors that control caste differentiation in the female sex.Cardiocondyla are tiny myrmicine ants which live in colonies consisting of several dozen workers and numerous queens in cavities in sandy soil, hollow twigs, or under stones throughout the tropics and subtropics. Ten colonies of C. emeryi were collected between January 1 and 10, 1995 about five kilometers north of Bridgetown, Barbados, West Indies. The colonies nested under casuarina