The Cellular Functions and Molecular Mechanisms of G-Quadruplex Unwinding Helicases in Humans.
The Cellular Functions and Molecular Mechanisms of G-Quadruplex Unwinding Helicases in Humans.
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人类 G-四链体解旋酶的细胞功能和分子机制
DOI：
10.3389/fmolb.2021.783889
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Qiu S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu Y;Zhu X;Wang K;Zhang B;Qiu S
G-四链体(G4S)是由富含G的DNA或RNA序列形成的稳定的非正则二级结构。它们在许多生物过程中发挥着不同的调节作用。人们普遍认为，G4解旋酶在G4的代谢和功能中起着关键作用，这些过程与生理和病理过程密切相关。近年来，G4解旋酶的功能和机制细节被越来越多地发现，因此有必要对当前的研究工作进行认真的梳理。在这里，我们从功能和分子机制的角度对G4解旋酶进行了系统的总结。首先，我们提供了关于解旋酶和G4S的一般介绍。接下来，我们全面总结了G4在人类中展开的解旋酶及其拟议的细胞功能。然后，对它们的研究方法和分子机制进行了综述。最后，我们分享我们对未来前景的看法。我们相信，这篇综述将为研究人员提供机会，深入了解人类G4解旋酶的功能和分子机制。
G-quadruplexes (G4s) are stable non-canonical secondary structures formed by G-rich DNA or RNA sequences. They play various regulatory roles in many biological processes. It is commonly agreed that G4 unwinding helicases play key roles in G4 metabolism and function, and these processes are closely related to physiological and pathological processes. In recent years, more and more functional and mechanistic details of G4 helicases have been discovered; therefore, it is necessary to carefully sort out the current research efforts. Here, we provide a systematic summary of G4 unwinding helicases from the perspective of functions and molecular mechanisms. First, we provide a general introduction about helicases and G4s. Next, we comprehensively summarize G4 unfolding helicases in humans and their proposed cellular functions. Then, we review their study methods and molecular mechanisms. Finally, we share our perspective on further prospects. We believe this review will provide opportunities for researchers to reach the frontiers in the functions and molecular mechanisms of human G4 unwinding helicases.