Austrian children living on a farm have less hay fever, asthma and allergic sensitization
Austrian children living on a farm have less hay fever, asthma and allergic sensitization
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2222.2000.00799.x
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发表时间：
2000-02-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Schreuer, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Riedler, J;Eder, W;Schreuer, M
背景和目的在一些研究中，花粉热和哮喘的患病率在农村地区的儿童比在城市环境中的儿童低。我们假设，生活在一个农场可能是保护对发展的过敏性致敏和过敏性diseases.Methods在横断面调查中，父母的2283名儿童年龄在8-10岁，主要是在奥地利农村地区回答了标准化的调查问卷，过敏性疾病和环境因素。对1137名儿童进行了7种过敏原的皮肤点刺试验。（3.1 vs 10.3%，P = 0.0002），哮喘（1.1 vs 3.9%，P = 0.017）和对至少一种常见局部过敏原的阳性皮肤点刺反应性（18.8比32.7%，P = 0.001）是显着低于儿童生活在农场比非农业环境。在多变量logistic回归模型中，调整遗传背景，父母教育，生活和住房条件以及饮食因素并没有改变农业和过敏性致敏性相关性的比值比。只有在将“经常接触畜禽”纳入模型后，优势比才发生显著变化（cOR 0.48 95%CI 0.30-0.75 to aOR 0.75 95%CI 0.37-1.52）表明经常接触农场动物与降低特应性致敏风险之间存在关联。生活在农场的儿童中的哮喘和过敏性致敏可能是由于农场儿童在马厩或农舍中暴露于微生物抗原增加而产生免疫耐受或刺激TH 1细胞和抑制TH 2细胞。
Background and objectives In some studies, the prevalence of hay fever and asthma has been found to be lower in children from rural areas than in children from an urban environment. We hypothesized that living on a farm might be protective against development of allergic sensitization and allergic diseases.Methods In a cross-sectional survey, parents of 2283 children aged 8-10 years from a mostly rural area in Austria answered a standardized questionnaire on allergic diseases and environmental factors. 1137 children performed a skin prick test to seven local allergens.Results The prevalence of hay fever (3.1 vs 10.3%, P = 0.0002), asthma (1.1 vs 3.9%, P = 0.017) and a positive skin prick reactivity to at least one of the common local allergens (18.8 vs 32.7%, P = 0.001) was significantly lower in children living on a farm than in children from a non-farming environment. In a multivariate logistic regression model, adjusting for genetic background, parent education, living and housing conditions and dietary factors did not change the odds ratio for the association of farming and allergic sensitization. Only after including 'regular contact with livestock and poultry' into the model did the odds ratio change significantly (cOR 0.48 95% CI 0.30-0.75 to aOR 0.75 95% CI 0.37-1.52) indicating an association between regular contact with farm animals and reduced risk of atopic sensitization.Conclusion Possible explanations for the lower prevalence of hay fever, asthma and allergic sensitization in children living on a farm might be the development of immunotolerance or the stimulation of TH1 cells and suppression of TH2 cells by increased exposure of farm children to microbial antigens in the stables or farmhouses.