Dialogue with machines
Dialogue with machines
复制标题
与机器对话
DOI：
10.1016/0010-0277(88)90003-0
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
W. Murray
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Kennedy;A. Wilkes;Leona Elder;W. Murray
三个实验报告，处理的情况下，受试者进行对话，通过计算机终端，与他们认为是一个计算机系统或另一个人。随后的协议分析集中在使用回指和词汇的选择。系统的文体变化是由于将受试者置于他们认为对话者是计算机系统的情况下。在这种情况下，受试者维持一个有限的窗口集中的内容的对话，因此，相比人对人的对话，话语是短的;词汇选择保持在一个协商的最低限度;和代词回指的使用是最小化，即使是在指的话语主题。这些对话特征在长期互动中持续存在。缺乏证据来支持关于定义的计算机源的能力的预设不会导致风格的改变。同样，试图通过产生更友好的表面形式来操纵计算机输出的特征也不会影响受试者的行为。然而，在所采取措施的范围内，受试者在定义为与计算机的交互中学到了同样多的东西，表现也一样好，甚至更好。
Three experiments are reported, dealing with a situation in which subjects carried on a dialogue, via a computer terminal, with what they believed to be either a computer system or another person. Analysis of the ensuing protocols concentrated on the use of anaphor and on lexical choice. Systematic stylistic variations result from placing subjects in a situation where they believe their interlocutor to be a computer system. Subjects in this condition sustain a dialogue with a restricted window of focussed content and, as a result, compared to person-to-person dialogues, utterances are short; lexical choice is kept to a negotiated minimum; and the use of pronominal anaphor is minimised, even when referring to the discourse topic. These dialogue characteristics persist over lengthy periods of interaction. Lack of evidence to support presuppositions concerning the capabilities of a defined computer source does not lead to a change in style. Similarly, attempts to manipulate features of computer output by producing more friendly surface forms did not influence subjects' behaviour. However, within the limits of the measures taken, subjects learned as much and performed as well, or better, in interactions defined as being with a computer.