Export and the Labor Market: A Dynamic Model with On-the-Job Search
Export and the Labor Market: A Dynamic Model with On-the-Job Search
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DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.2462189
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发表时间：
2014-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Davide Suverato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Davide Suverato
本文开发了一种存在劳动力市场摩擦的两部门、两因素贸易模型，其中工人在受雇时也会寻找工作。求职（OJS）是解释贸易自由化对部门就业、失业和工资不平等的反应的关键因素。 OJS 会造成工资分散，并导致工人从生产率较低、工资较低的企业重新分配到生产率较高的企业。贸易自由化后，传统的选择效应比没有 OJS 时更为严重，可贸易部门会出现就业损失，而非贸易部门则相反。从自给自足开始，贸易开放对就业有积极影响，但也加剧了工资不平等。然而，对于已经开放的经济体来说，贸易开放度的进一步提高可能会导致失业率上升。劳动力市场变量的动态以封闭形式获得。该模型预测贸易自由化实施时会出现超调，然后调整路径遵循稳定的过渡动态。
This paper develops a two-sector, two-factor trade model with labor market frictions in which workers search for a job also when they are employed. On the job search (OJS) is a key ingredient to explain the response to trade liberalization of sectoral employment, unemployment and wage inequality. OJS generates wage dispersion and it leads to a reallocation of workers from less productive firms that pay lower wages to more productive ones. Following a trade liberalization the traditional selection effects are more severe than without OJS and the tradable sector experiences a loss of employment, while the opposite is true for the non tradable sector. Starting from autarky, the opening to trade has a positive effect on employment but it increases wage inequality. For an already open economy, a further increase of trade openness can, however, lead to an increase of unemployment. The dynamics of labor market variables is obtained in closed form. The model predicts overshooting at the time of implementation of a trade liberalization, then the paths of adjustment follow a stable transitional dynamics.