Limiting access to lethal means: applying the social ecological model for firearm suicide prevention
Limiting access to lethal means: applying the social ecological model for firearm suicide prevention
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DOI：
10.1136/injuryprev-2018-042809
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Horwitz, Joshua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allchin, Adelyn;Chaplin, Vicka;Horwitz, Joshua
本文概述了社会生态模型在枪支自杀预防中的一种新应用。它侧重于四个层面的干预(社会、关系、社区和个人)，以减少个人在自杀风险增加时获得枪支，这是企图自杀的能力的实际贡献者。有实质性研究将容易获得枪支与枪支自杀风险增加联系在一起，而针对获得致命手段的自杀预防干预措施是全面预防自杀战略的关键组成部分。在政策一级--极端风险法、自愿自我禁止政策和减少枪支供应的政策；在社区一级--枪支商店项目；在关系一级--致命意味着安全咨询；以及在个人一级--更安全地储存。结合上游干预措施，如增加获得精神卫生服务和药物使用治疗的机会，针对获得枪支问题的多层次自杀预防办法可以拯救生命。
This paper outlines a novel application of the social ecological model (SEM) for firearm suicide prevention. It focuses on four levels of intervention (societal, relationship, community and individual) to reduce access to firearms, a practical contributor to the capacity to attempt suicide, from individuals when they are at an elevated risk for suicide. There is substantive research linking easy access to firearms with an increased risk of firearm suicide, and suicide prevention interventions that address access to lethal means are critical components of a comprehensive suicide prevention strategy. Potential interventions using the SEM framework include: at the policy level-extreme risk laws, voluntary self-prohibition policies and policies that reduce the availability of firearms; at the community level-gun shop projects; at the relationship level-lethal means safety counselling; and at the individual level-safer storage. Taken together with upstream interventions, such as increased access to mental health services and substance use treatment, a multilevel approach for suicide prevention that addresses access to firearms can save lives.