A review of the validity and variability of the elevated plus-maze as an animal model of anxiety
A review of the validity and variability of the elevated plus-maze as an animal model of anxiety
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DOI：
10.1016/0091-3057(95)02126-4
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发表时间：
1996-05-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Hogg, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hogg, S
尽管或可能是因为它是最常用的焦虑动物模型之一，但高架加迷宫(EPM)在药理学实验后导致了广泛的、往往相互矛盾的结果。向65个在过去3年中使用EPM发表研究的小组分发的问卷的答复，以及参考发表的报告，使我们能够得出关于影响因素的一些结论。白化大鼠对5-HT3受体拮抗剂和5-HT1A受体激动剂的抗焦虑作用比有色动物更敏感。然而，最重要的是在测试前对动物的操纵以及对测试条件本身的厌恶。在测试前给动物施加压力(例如，从等待状态转移到测试室)或使用更令人厌恶的测试条件(例如，提高光照水平)会增加对潜在焦虑剂的敏感度。习惯于温和处理或在较不令人厌恶的条件下进行测试的动物(例如，带台阶的EPM)显示，给予5-HT3拮抗剂、5-HT1A激动剂和苯二氮卓类药物可降低焦虑反应的可能性。
Despite or possibly by virtue of the fact that it is one of the most commonly used animal models of anxiety the Elevated Plus-Maze (EPM) results in a wide range of, often contradictory, results following pharmacological experiments. The responses from a questionnaire distributed to 65 groups that have published studies using the EPM in the past 3 years has, along with reference to published reports, enabled some conclusions regarding the influencing factors to be drawn. Some evidence for differential sensitivities between strains exists, with albino rats being more sensitive to the anxiolytic effects of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and 5-HT1A receptor agonists than pigmented animals. Most important, however, is the manipulation of the animals prior to testing and the aversiveness of the test conditions themselves. Stressing animals before testing (e.g., by moving from holding to test room) or using more aversive test conditions (e.g., elevated light levels) increases sensitivity to potential anxiolytics. Animals that are habituated to gentle handling or tested in less aversive conditions (e.g., EPM with ledges) show reduced likelihood of anxiolytic responses with administration of 5-HT3 antagonists, 5-HT1A agonists, and benzodiazepines.