Risk assessment of heavy metals in road and soil dusts within PM2.5, PM10 and PM100 fractions in Dongying city, Shandong Province, China
Risk assessment of heavy metals in road and soil dusts within PM2.5, PM10 and PM100 fractions in Dongying city, Shandong Province, China
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DOI：
10.1039/c1em10555h
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jiang, Hua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kong, Shaofei;Lu, Bing;Jiang, Hua
从2009年11月至2010年4月在油田城市东营采集了15个道路粉尘和14个土壤粉尘样品，用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)同时分析了PM2.5、PM10和PM100中的V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb。研究了重金属浓度、来源和人体健康风险。结果表明，土壤和道路扬尘中的锰、锌含量较高，钴、镉含量较低。道路和土壤扬尘中重金属的PM2.5/PM10和PM10/PM100的质量浓度比表明，大部分重金属倾向于在细颗粒物中聚集。地质累积指数和富集度因子分析表明，铜、锌、镉呈中重度污染和显著富集性，受人为来源的影响。钒、铬、锰、钴大多不富集，主要受地壳来源的影响。Ni、As和Pb值范围从不富集到中等富集，既受地壳物质影响，又受人为来源的影响。多因素分析结果证实了上述结论。主成分分析表明，主要污染源为机动车尾气、工业活动、燃煤、农业活动和地壳物质。风险评估结果表明，金属摄入似乎是接触的主要途径，其次是皮肤接触。最有可能导致癌症和其他健康风险的原因是土壤和道路灰尘的细微颗粒。
15 road and 14 soil dust samples were collected from an oilfield city, Dongying, from 11/2009-4/2010 and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) for V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb within PM2.5, PM10 and PM100 fractions synchronously. Metal concentrations, sources and human health risk were studied. Results showed that both soil and road dust exhibited higher values for Mn and Zn and lower values for Co and Cd for the three fractions. Mass concentration ratios of PM2.5/PM10 and PM10/PM100 for metals in road and soil dust indicate that most of the heavy metals tend to concentrate in fine particles. Geoaccumulation index and enrichment factors analysis showed that Cu, Zn and Cd exhibited moderate or heavy contamination and significant enrichment, indicating the influence of anthropogenic sources. Vanadium, Cr, Mn and Co were mostly not enriched and were mainly influenced by crustal sources. For Ni, As and Pb, they ranged from not enriched to moderately enriched and were influenced by both crustal materials and anthropogenic sources. The conclusions were confirmed by multivariate analysis methods. Principle component analysis revealed that the major sources were vehicle emission, industrial activities, coal combustion, agricultural activities and crustal materials. The risk assessment results indicated that metal ingestion appeared to be the main exposure route followed by dermal contact. The most likely cause for cancer and other health risks are both the fine particles of soil and road dusts.