Epidemiology of trauma: frequency and impact of different potentially traumatic events on different demographic groups.
Epidemiology of trauma: frequency and impact of different potentially traumatic events on different demographic groups.
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-006x.60.3.409
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发表时间：
1992-06
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Frances Norris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frances Norris
在 1,000 名成年人的样本中检查了 10 种潜在创伤事件的频率和影响。样本来自东南部四个城市，一半是黑人，一半是白人，一半是男性，一半是女性，年轻人、中年人和老年人各占一半。在他们的一生中，69% 的样本至少经历过一次事件，仅在过去一年就有 21% 的人经历过其中一次。这 10 起事件的重要性各不相同，悲惨死亡最常发生，性侵犯导致创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 发生率最高，而机动车碰撞则呈现最不利的频率和影响组合。在不同人口群体中这些事件的流行病学方面观察到了许多差异。白人和男性的终生接触率高于黑人和女性；过去一年的接触机会在年轻人中最高。当将影响作为连续变量（感知压力）进行分析时，黑人男性似乎最容易受到事件的影响，但年轻人的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）发病率最高。
The frequency and impact of 10 potentially traumatic events were examined in a sample of 1,000 adults. Drawn from four southeastern cities, the sample was half Black, half White, half male, half female, and evenly divided among younger, middle-aged, and older adults. Over their lifetimes, 69% of the sample experienced at least one of the events, as did 21% in the past year alone. The 10 events varied in importance, with tragic death occurring most often, sexual assault yielding the highest rate of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and motor vehicle crash presenting the most adverse combination of frequency and impact. Numerous differences were observed in the epidemiology of these events across demographic groups. Lifetime exposure was higher among Whites and men than among Blacks and women; past-year exposure was highest among younger adults. When impact was analyzed as a continuous variable (perceived stress), Black men appeared to be most vulnerable to the effects of events, but young people showed the highest rates of PTSD.