Immediate reward bias in humans:: Fronto-parietal networks and a role for the catechol-O-methyltransferase 158Val/Val genotype
Immediate reward bias in humans:: Fronto-parietal networks and a role for the catechol-O-methyltransferase 158Val/Val genotype
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2551-07.2007
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发表时间：
2007-12-26
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Fields, Howard L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boettiger, Charlotte A.;Mitchell, Jennifer M.;Fields, Howard L.
酗酒和其他成瘾性疾病的特点是倾向于选择较少的直接利益而不是更大的长期利益。然而，尽管它在医学和社会经济学上具有重要意义，但对其神经生物学机制知之甚少。已经确定了在决定立即奖励还是延迟奖励时激活的大脑区域（麦克卢尔等人，2004年，2007年），因为有地区的反应，奖励刺激预测纸和铅笔措施的时间折扣（哈里里等人，2006年）。这些研究假设“热”和“冷”的反应选择系统，与热系统的建议，以产生冲动的选择，在存在一个接近的奖励。然而，到目前为止，大脑区域的活动幅度在决策可靠地预测跨时间的选择行为还没有被确定。在这里，我们解决这个问题在清醒的酗酒者和非物质滥用控制科目，并显示，立即奖励偏见直接规模与功能磁共振成像大胆的氧水平依赖（BOLD）信号的大小在决策后顶叶皮层（PPC），背侧前额叶皮层（dPFC），和嘴侧海马旁回区域内的网站。相反，个体倾向于等待更大的、延迟的奖励，这与外侧眶额皮层的BOLD信号直接相关。此外，儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶基因Val 158 Met多态性的基因型预测决策过程中的冲动选择行为和dPFC和PPC的活动水平。这些基因型的影响仍然显着控制酒精滥用史后。这些结果揭示了时间折扣行为的神经生物学基础，并确定了多巴胺代谢遗传变异的新的行为和神经后果。
The tendency to choose lesser immediate benefits over greater long-term benefits characterizes alcoholism and other addictive disorders. However, despite its medical and socioeconomic importance, little is known about its neurobiological mechanisms. Brain regions that are activated when deciding between immediate or delayed rewards have been identified (McClure et al., 2004, 2007), as have areas in which responses to reward stimuli predict a paper-and-pencil measure of temporal discounting (Hariri et al., 2006). These studies assume "hot" and "cool" response selection systems, with the hot system proposed to generate impulsive choices in the presence of a proximate reward. However, to date, brain regions in which the magnitude of activity during decision making reliably predicts intertemporal choice behavior have not been identified. Here we address this question in sober alcoholics and non-substance-abusing control subjects and show that immediate reward bias directly scales with the magnitude of functional magnetic resonance imaging bold oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal during decision making at sites within the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), dorsal prefrontal cortex (dPFC), and rostral parahippocampal gyrus regions. Conversely, the tendency of an individual to wait for a larger, delayed reward correlates directly with BOLD signal in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex. In addition, genotype at the Val158Met polymorphism of the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene predicts both impulsive choice behavior and activity levels in the dPFC and PPC during decision making. These genotype effects remained significant after controlling for alcohol abuse history. These results shed new light on the neurobiological underpinnings of temporal discounting behavior and identify novel behavioral and neural consequences of genetic variation in dopamine metabolism.