Dynamic pricing of electricity for residential customers: the evidence from Michigan
Dynamic pricing of electricity for residential customers: the evidence from Michigan
复制标题
住宅用户的动态电力定价：来自密歇根州的证据
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lamine Akaba
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Faruqui;Sanem Sergici;Lamine Akaba
智能电表的推出使住宅客户能够获得动态定价。然而，人们仍然怀疑家庭是否能够对随时间变化的价格信号作出反应，这阻碍了动态定价的全面推出和经济效率的实现。目前正在进行试验，以测试价格的反应能力。我们分析了密歇根州一个试点项目的数据，该项目采用了两种动态定价率和一种支持技术。与大多数其他试点不同的是，它还包括一组“仅提供信息”的客户，他们被提供了随时间变化的价格信息，但按标准费率计费。同样，与大多数其他飞行员不同，它还包括两个对照组，其中一个知道他们在飞行员中，另一个不知道。这是为了测试霍桑效应的存在。与大量的实验文献相一致，我们发现，客户，包括低收入的参与者，动态定价。我们还发现，对关键峰值定价率的反应类似于对峰值时间回扣的反应，与一个先前实验的结果一致，但与两个先前实验的结果不一致。我们还发现，“信息只有”的客户响应提供的定价信息，但在一个显着低于客户的动态定价。我们发现，对使能技术的反应是沉默的。我们没有发现任何证据表明在这个实验中存在霍桑效应。
The rollout of smart meters has enabled the provision of dynamic pricing to residential customers. However, doubts remain whether households can respond to time-varying price signals and that is preventing the full-scale rollout of dynamic pricing and the attainment of economic efficiency. Experiments are being conducted to test price responsiveness. We analyze data from a pilot in Michigan which featured two dynamic pricing rates and an enabling technology. Unlike most other pilots, it also included a group of “information only” customers who were provided information on time-varying prices but billed on standard rates. Similarly, unlike most other pilots, it also included two control groups, one of whom knew they were in the pilot and one of whom did not. This was designed to test for the presence of a Hawthorne effect. Consistent with the large body of experimental literature, we find that customers, including low-income participants, do respond to dynamic pricing. We also find that the response to critical peak pricing rates is similar to the response to peak time rebates, consistent with the finding of one prior experiment but inconsistent with the finding of two prior experiments. We also find that the “information only” customers respond to the provision of pricing information but at a substantially lower rate than the customers on dynamic pricing. We find that the response to enabling technology is muted. We do not find any evidence to suggest that a Hawthorne effect existed in this experiment.