Recent Advances in Uterine Fibroid Etiology.
Recent Advances in Uterine Fibroid Etiology.
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DOI：
10.1055/s-0037-1599090
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发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Chennathukuzhi VM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McWilliams MM;Chennathukuzhi VM
子宫肌瘤，也称为子宫平滑肌瘤（UL），是子宫平滑肌组织层（子宫肌层）的单克隆肿瘤。虽然UL被认为是良性的，但子宫肌瘤是大约25%的所有女性的主要生活质量问题的来源，这些女性患有临床显著的UL症状。尽管UL的患病率，但对于UL没有长期的、具有成本效益的并且保持生育能力不变的治疗选择。对UL病因学的缺乏了解导致可用的医学治疗的稀缺。研究已经确定了性类固醇激素在UL发病机制中的重要作用，并推动了激素治疗肌瘤的使用，结果喜忧参半。细胞信号传导途径的失调、miRNA表达和细胞遗传学异常也与UL病因学有关。最近关于UL病因学的发现和相关的UL转基因啮齿动物模型的开发已经开始振兴UL研究。这篇综述概述了肌瘤的主要特征; UL病因的主要贡献者，包括类固醇激素;以及UL的临床前动物模型。
Uterine fibroids, also known as uterine leiomyoma (UL), are monoclonal tumors of the smooth muscle tissue layer (myometrium) of the uterus. Although ULs are considered benign, uterine fibroids are the source of major quality-of-life issues for approximately 25% of all women, who suffer from clinically significant symptoms of UL. Despite the prevalence of UL, there is no treatment option for UL which is long term, cost-effective, and leaves fertility intact. The lack of understanding about the etiology of UL contributes to the scarcity of medical therapies available. Studies have identified an important role for sex steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of UL, and have driven the use of hormonal treatment for fibroids, with mixed results. Dysregulation of cell signaling pathways, miRNA expression, and cytogenetic abnormalities have also been implicated in UL etiology. Recent discoveries on the etiology of UL and the development of relevant genetically modified rodent models of UL have started to revitalize UL research. This review outlines the major characteristics of fibroids; major contributors to UL etiology, including steroid hormones; and available preclinical animal models for UL.