Antioxidants and age related eye disease - Current and future perspectives
Antioxidants and age related eye disease - Current and future perspectives
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DOI：
10.1016/1047-2797(95)00094-1
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发表时间：
1996-01-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Hennekens, CH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christen, WG;Glynn, RJ;Hennekens, CH
氧化机制可能在年龄相关性眼病的发病机制中起重要作用，特别是白内障和黄斑变性，这是老年人视力损害的两个最重要的原因。出于这个原因，人们对确定具有抗氧化特性的维生素和微量矿物质是否有助于预防致残性眼病的发生或进展非常感兴趣。基础研究表明，抗氧化剂可以保护白内障和黄斑变性动物模型免受氧化应激的累积效应。然而，来自人类观察性流行病学研究的数据并不确定。虽然几项研究的结果，主要是横断面和病例对照研究，与微量营养素在疾病发展中可能的保护作用是一致的，但特定营养素或特定疾病类型的数据往往不一致。此外，这些观察性研究是有限的，因为饮食暴露数据固有的不精确性和不受控制的混杂可能产生的影响。因此，关于维生素补充剂对眼病的潜在重要益处的可靠数据将主要来自设计良好的大规模随机试验。
Oxidative mechanisms may play an important role in the pathogenesis of age-related eye disease, in particular cataract and macular degeneration, the two most important causes of visual impairment in older adults. For this reason, there is considerable interest in determining whether vitamins and trace minerals with antioxidant properties can be of benefit in preventing the onset or progression of disabling eye disease. Basic research studies have shown that antioxidants can protect against the cumulative effects of oxidative stress in animal models of cataract and macular degeneration. Data from observational epidemiological studies in humans, however, are inconclusive. While results from several studies, primarily cross-sectional and case-control, are compatible with a possible protective role for micronutrients in disease development, data for specific nutrients or specific disease types have often been inconsistent. Further, these observational studies are limited because of the inherent imprecision of dietary exposure data and the likely effects of uncontrolled confounding. Thus, reliable data regarding a potentially important benefit of vitamin supplementation in eye disease will emerge mainly from well-designed, large-scale, randomized trials.