A UNIVERSAL MODEL OF THE LUMBAR BACK MUSCLES IN THE UPRIGHT POSITION
A UNIVERSAL MODEL OF THE LUMBAR BACK MUSCLES IN THE UPRIGHT POSITION
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DOI：
10.1097/00007632-199208000-00007
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发表时间：
1992-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
PEARCY, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BOGDUK, N;MACINTOSH, JE;PEARCY, MJ
建立了包含腰竖肌和多裂肌49个肌束的腰背部肌肉模型。肌束的附着位置和大小基于先前的解剖学研究，并以9名正常志愿者直立姿势的x线片为模型。计算表明，腰竖脊肌的胸纤维贡献了施加在L4和L5上的总伸肌力矩的50%；多裂肌贡献了约20%；其余的由竖脊肌的腰纤维施加。在上腰椎水平，腰竖脊肌的胸纤维贡献了总伸肌力矩的70%至86%。在直立姿势时，腰背部肌肉在L1至L4节段施加净后切力，但在L5节段施加前切力。总的来说，所有背部肌肉对所有节段施加很大的压缩力。确定适用于背部肌肉的力系数为46 Ncm-2。这些结果对手术和物理治疗对背部肌肉的影响的评价有一定的影响。
A model of the lumbar back muscles was constructed incorporating 49 fascicles of the lumbar erector spinae and multifidus. The attachment sites and sizes of fascicles were based on previous anatomic studies, and the fascicles were modeled on radiographs of nine normal volunteers in the upright position. Calculations revealed that the thoracic fibers of the lumbar erector spinae contribute 50% of the total extensor moment exerted on L4 and L5; multifidus contributes some 20%; and the remainder is exerted by the lumbar fibers of erector spinae. At upper lumbar levels, the thoracic fibers of the lumbar erector spinae contribute between 70% and 86% of the total extensor moment. In the upright posture, the lumbar back muscles exert a net posterior shear force on segments L1 to L4, but exert an anterior shear force on L5. Collectively, all the back muscles exert large compression forces on all segments. A force coefficient of 46 Ncm-2 was determined to apply for the back muscles. These results have a bearing on the appreciation of the effects on the back muscles of surgery and physiotherapy.