A rapid review of the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of healthcare workers: implications for supporting psychological well-being.
A rapid review of the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of healthcare workers: implications for supporting psychological well-being.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-020-10070-3
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发表时间：
2021-01-09
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
O'Malley CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Kock JH;Latham HA;Leslie SJ;Grindle M;Munoz SA;Ellis L;Polson R;O'Malley CM
卫生和社会护理工作者（HSCW）在COVID-19危机期间承担了沉重的负担，并在控制病毒的挑战中直接面对其后果。因此，支持他们的心理健康仍然是一个优先事项。进行这项快速审查是为了确定在COVID-19危机期间是否存在任何可识别的风险因素导致HSCW的不良心理健康结果。我们按照WHO的指导方针和科克伦协作组的建议对文献进行了快速回顾。我们检索了14个数据库，在两个不同的时间点执行检索。我们纳入了已发表的观察性和实验性研究，这些研究报告了COVID-19大流行期间对HSCW的心理影响。本综述中纳入的24项研究报告的数据主要来自中国（24项纳入研究中的18项）和大多数抽样城市医院工作人员。我们的研究表明，COVID-19对一线医院员工的心理健康产生了相当大的影响。结果表明，护士在这场大流行期间可能面临更高的不良心理健康后果风险，但没有研究将这一群体与初级保健劳动力进行比较。此外，并无研究调查COVID-19大流行对社会护理人员的心理影响。确定的其他风险因素包括潜在的器质性疾病、性别（女性）、对家庭的担忧、对感染的恐惧、缺乏个人防护设备（PPE）以及与COVID-19密切接触。系统的支持，充分的知识和复原力被确定为防止不利的心理健康结果的因素。迄今为止的证据表明，与COVID-19患者密切接触的女护士可能从旨在支持心理健康的努力中获益最多。然而，调查结果的不一致性以及缺乏在医院环境之外收集的数据表明，我们在解决卫生和社会护理工作者的心理健康问题时不应排除任何群体。虽然旨在提高个人复原力的心理干预可能有益，但很明显，要建立一支复原力强的劳动力队伍，必须解决职业和环境因素。建议进一步研究，包括社会护理工作者和更广泛的社会结构因素的分析。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s12889-020-10070-3获得。
Health and social care workers (HSCWs) have carried a heavy burden during the COVID-19 crisis and, in the challenge to control the virus, have directly faced its consequences. Supporting their psychological wellbeing continues, therefore, to be a priority. This rapid review was carried out to establish whether there are any identifiable risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes amongst HSCWs during the COVID-19 crisis. We undertook a rapid review of the literature following guidelines by the WHO and the Cochrane Collaboration’s recommendations. We searched across 14 databases, executing the search at two different time points. We included published, observational and experimental studies that reported the psychological effects on HSCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The 24 studies included in this review reported data predominantly from China (18 out of 24 included studies) and most sampled urban hospital staff. Our study indicates that COVID-19 has a considerable impact on the psychological wellbeing of front-line hospital staff. Results suggest that nurses may be at higher risk of adverse mental health outcomes during this pandemic, but no studies compare this group with the primary care workforce. Furthermore, no studies investigated the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social care staff. Other risk factors identified were underlying organic illness, gender (female), concern about family, fear of infection, lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) and close contact with COVID-19. Systemic support, adequate knowledge and resilience were identified as factors protecting against adverse mental health outcomes. The evidence to date suggests that female nurses with close contact with COVID-19 patients may have the most to gain from efforts aimed at supporting psychological well-being. However, inconsistencies in findings and a lack of data collected outside of hospital settings, suggest that we should not exclude any groups when addressing psychological well-being in health and social care workers. Whilst psychological interventions aimed at enhancing resilience in the individual may be of benefit, it is evident that to build a resilient workforce, occupational and environmental factors must be addressed. Further research including social care workers and analysis of wider societal structural factors is recommended. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-020-10070-3.
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