Sound and the Developing Infant in the NICU: Conclusions and Recommendations for Care
Sound and the Developing Infant in the NICU: Conclusions and Recommendations for Care
复制标题
新生儿重症监护病房 (NICU) 中的健康和发育中的婴儿：结论和护理建议
作者：
S. Graven
目的：介绍由高危婴儿中心的物理和发育环境、新生儿重症监护室（NICU）声音研究小组和专家评审小组制定的结论和相关护理建议。研究设计：一个由临床医生和研究人员组成的多学科小组回顾了关于声音对胎儿、新生儿、和早产儿，并根据最佳证据制定了建议。一个专家评审小组审查了数据和conclusions.RESULTS：以下建议是从文献综述中发展出来的，并在文章的正文中得到澄清。(1)妇女在怀孕期间应避免长时间暴露于65 dB（A）以上的低频声级（<250 Hz）。(2)耳机或其他发声设备不应直接连接到孕妇的腹部使用。(3)母亲在正常的日常活动中的声音，沿着由她的身体产生的声音和那些存在于她通常的环境中的声音，足以使胎儿的听觉发育正常。胎儿不需要额外的刺激。不能推荐补充胎儿听觉经验的方案。(4)婴儿重症监护病房应纳入定期噪音评估系统。(5)声音限制建议是维持一个托儿所，每小时Leq为50 dB（A），每小时L10为55 dB（A），1秒Lmax为70 dB（A），所有A加权，反应缓慢。(6)婴儿重症监护病房应制定并保持一个噪音控制和消除计划，以便在推荐的允许噪音标准范围内运行。(7)护理实践必须为婴儿提供充分的机会，让他们在父母和婴儿之间的床边互动中听到父母的声音。(8)任何时候都不应该使用耳机和其他连接到婴儿耳朵上的声音传输设备。(9)几乎没有证据支持在高危婴儿的环境中使用录制的音乐或讲话。录音不应被常规使用或无人看管的环境中的高危infant.CONCLUSION：的建议，如果遵循，应提供一个环境，将保护睡眠，支持稳定的生命体征，提高语音清晰度的婴儿，并减少潜在的不良影响听觉发育。
OBJECTIVE: To present the conclusions and associated recommendations for care developed by the Physical and Developmental Environment of the High-Risk Infant Center, Study Group on Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Sound, and the Expert Review Panel.STUDY DESIGN: A multidisciplinary group of clinicians and researchers reviewed the literature regarding the effect of sound on the fetus, newborn, and preterm infant and developed recommendations based on the best evidence. An Expert Review Panel reviewed the data and conclusions.RESULTS: The following recommendations are developed from the review of the literature and are clarified in the body of the article. (1) Women should avoid prolonged exposure to low-frequency sound levels (<250 Hz) above 65 dB(A) during pregnancy. (2) Earphones or other devices for sound production should not be used directly attached to the pregnant woman's abdomen. (3) The voice of the mother during normal daily activities, along with the sounds produced by her body and those present in her usual surroundings, is sufficient for normal fetal auditory development. The fetus does not require supplemental stimulation. Programs to supplement the fetal auditory experience cannot be recommended. (4) Infant intensive care units should incorporate a system of regular noise assessment. (5) Sound limit recommendations are to maintain a nursery with an hourly Leq of 50 dB(A), an hourly L10 of 55 dB(A) and a 1-second Lmax of 70 dB(A), all A-weighted, slow response scale. (6) Infant intensive care units should develop and maintain a program of noise control and abatement in order to operate within the recommended permissible noise criteria. (7) Care practices must provide ample opportunity for the infant to hear parent voices live in interaction between parent and infant at the bedside. (8) Earphones and other devices attached to the infant's ears for sound transmission should not be used at any time. (9) There is little evidence to support the use of recorded music or speech in the environment of the high-risk infant. Audio recordings should not be used routinely or left unattended in the environment of the high-risk infant.CONCLUSION: The recommendations, if followed, should provide an environment that will protect sleep, support stable vital signs, improve speech intelligibility for the infant, and reduce potential adverse effects on auditory development.