Variance as a sensitive probe of correlations

Variance as a sensitive probe of correlations
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方差作为相关性的敏感样本

DOI:
10.1103/physreva.91.063613
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Ofir E. Alon
Ofir E. Alon
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shachar Klaiman;Ofir E. Alon

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玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体是由超冷的玻色原子构成的,它已经成为研究相互作用多体量子系统的中心场所。被捕获的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态已经被证明在无限粒子数和恒定相互作用参数的极限下是100%凝聚的[Lieb和Seiringer,Phys. Rev. Lett. 88,170409(2002)PRLTA00031 -900710.1103/PhysRevLett.88.170409]。这个结果的意义是凝聚体的性质,特别是它的能量和密度,收敛到通过最小化Gross-Pitaevskii能量泛函得到的那些。这自然提出了一个问题,在这个极限下,相关性是否重要。在这里,我们证明了分析和数值,即使在无限粒子限制多体相关性可以导致修改的任何运营商相比,预期从Gross-Pitaevskii结果的方差。方差的偏差源于其显式依赖于约化的两体密度矩阵的项,否则这些项对该极限中的能量和密度没有贡献。这使得方差成为多体相关性的敏感探针,即使系统的能量和密度已经收敛到Gross-Pitaevskii结果。我们使用多粒子位置和动量算子来证明这种相关性的持久性。这种多体效应的影响进行了讨论。
Bose-Einstein condensates made of ultracold trapped bosonic atoms have become a central venue in which interacting many-body quantum systems are studied. The ground state of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate has been proven to be 100% condensed in the limit of infinite particle number and constant interaction parameter [Lieb and Seiringer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 170409 (2002)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.88.170409]. The meaning of this result is that properties of the condensate, noticeably its energy and density, converge to those obtained by minimizing the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional. This naturally raises the question whether correlations are of any importance in this limit. Here, we demonstrate both analytically and numerically that even in the infinite particle limit many-body correlations can lead to a modification of thevarianceof any operator compared to that expected from the Gross-Pitaevskii result. The deviation of the variance stems from its explicit dependence on terms of the reduced two-body density matrix which otherwise do not contribute to the energy and density in this limit. This makes the variance a sensitive probe of many-body correlations even when the energy and density of the system have already converged to the Gross-Pitaevskii result. We use the many-particle position and momentum operators to exemplify this persistence of correlations. Implications of this many-body effect are discussed.
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发表时间: 2014
期刊: Physical Review A
影响因子: 2.9
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影响因子: 8.6
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