Advances in Meningeal Immunity.
Advances in Meningeal Immunity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.molmed.2018.04.003
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发表时间：
2018-06
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
McGavern DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rua R;McGavern DB
中枢神经系统（CNS）是由血脑屏障保护的免疫特化组织。CNS实质被一系列重叠的膜包裹，这些膜统称为脑膜。脑膜提供了额外的CNS屏障，容纳了各种各样的常驻免疫细胞，并作为与外周的关键界面。最近的研究大大提高了我们对脑膜免疫的理解，证明了在稳态和炎症条件下复杂的免疫景观如何影响CNS功能。脑膜免疫细胞的位置和激活状态可以深刻地影响CNS稳态并导致神经系统疾病，但这些细胞也能够很好地保护CNS免受病原体的侵害。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了我们对脑膜免疫库的理解的进展，并提供了从神经认知到炎症性疾病的条件下，中枢神经系统屏障如何在免疫学上运作的见解。中枢神经系统由统称为脑膜的细胞层保护。新兴的数据表明，脑膜远不是惰性结缔组织，而是作为与外周的界面，并积极促进CNS稳态和免疫。脑膜层具有比CNS实质更多样化的免疫库，并且受神经支配，具有淋巴引流（硬脑膜），含有可渗透的血管（硬脑膜），并支持强烈的炎症反应。脑膜充当将脑和脊髓实质与外周隔离的守门人。脑膜比脑实质更容易发展和支持免疫应答，脑实质既可以保护也可以损害CNS。脑膜高度受神经支配，这可以影响脑膜免疫和血管张力。无菌和感染性挑战均可引发脑膜炎症，导致胶质界膜随后降解和免疫浸润到CNS实质中。这一过程可能导致神经系统疾病。在治疗上，脑膜比CNS实质（特别是硬脑膜）更容易从外周进入。脑膜免疫的调节代表了治疗炎性神经系统疾病和可能调节神经稳态的有希望的治疗靶点。
The central nervous system (CNS) is an immunologically specialized tissue protected by a blood–brain barrier. The CNS parenchyma is enveloped by a series of overlapping membranes that are collectively referred to as the meninges. The meninges provide an additional CNS barrier, harbor a diverse array of resident immune cells, and serve as a crucial interface with the periphery. Recent studies have significantly advanced our understanding of meningeal immunity, demonstrating how a complex immune landscape influences CNS functions under steady-state and inflammatory conditions. The location and activation state of meningeal immune cells can profoundly influence CNS homeostasis and contribute to neurological disorders, but these cells are also well equipped to protect the CNS from pathogens. In this review, we discuss advances in our understanding of the meningeal immune repertoire and provide insights into how this CNS barrier operates immunologically under conditions ranging from neurocognition to inflammatory diseases. The CNS is protected by layers of cells that are collectively referred to as the meninges. Far from being an inert connective tissue, emerging data indicate that the meninges serve as an interface with the periphery and actively contribute to CNS homeostasis and immunity. The meningeal layers have a far more diverse immune repertoire than the CNS parenchyma and are innervated, have lymphatic drainage (dura), contain permeable blood vessels (dura), and support robust inflammatory responses. The meninges serve as a gatekeeper that isolates the brain and spinal cord parenchyma from the periphery. The meninges develop and support immune responses far more readily than the parenchyma, which can both protect and harm the CNS. The meninges are highly innervated, which can influence meningeal immunity and vascular tone. Both sterile and infectious challenges can trigger meningeal inflammation, which results in subsequent degradation of the glial limitans and immune infiltration into the CNS parenchyma. This process can give rise to neurological disorders. Therapeutically, the meninges are far easier to access from the periphery than the CNS parenchyma (especially the dura mater). Modulation of meningeal immunity represents a promising therapeutic target to treat inflammatory neurological disorders and possibly to regulate neural homeostasis.
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影响因子：
82.9
作者：
Benakis C;Brea D;Caballero S;Faraco G;Moore J;Murphy M;Sita G;Racchumi G;Ling L;Pamer EG;Iadecola C;Anrather J
通讯作者：
Anrather J
影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Bedussi B;van Lier MG;Bartstra JW;de Vos J;Siebes M;VanBavel E;Bakker EN
通讯作者：
Bakker EN
脑膜免疫调节学习和记忆：IL-4 的关键作用。
影响因子：
15.3
作者：
Derecki, Noel C.;Cardani, Amber N.;Yang, Chun Hui;Quinnies, Kayla M.;Crihfield, Anastasia;Lynch, Kevin R.;Kipnis, Jonathan
通讯作者：
Kipnis, Jonathan
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Absinta M;Ha SK;Nair G;Sati P;Luciano NJ;Palisoc M;Louveau A;Zaghloul KA;Pittaluga S;Kipnis J;Reich DS
通讯作者：
Reich DS
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Azevedo RSS;de Sousa JR;Araujo MTF;Martins Filho AJ;de Alcantara BN;Araujo FMC;Queiroz MGL;Cruz ACR;Vasconcelos BHB;Chiang JO;Martins LC;Casseb LMN;da Silva EV;Carvalho VL;Vasconcelos BCB;Rodrigues SG;Oliveira CS;Quaresma JAS;Vasconcelos PFC
通讯作者：
Vasconcelos PFC