Optimal Legislative County Clustering in North Carolina
Optimal Legislative County Clustering in North Carolina
复制标题
北卡罗来纳州最佳立法县集群
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Jonathan C. Mattingly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daniel Carter;Zach Hunter;Dan Teague;G. Herschlag;Jonathan C. Mattingly
摘要北卡罗来纳州的宪法要求州立法区不应分割县。然而，各县必须分开，以符合美国最高法院“一人一票”的授权。鉴于各县必须分开，北卡罗来纳州立法机构和法院提供了指导方针，试图减少各区分开的县，同时也遵守“一人一票”的标准。在这些指导方针下，县被分成几个群；每个群包含指定数量的区，并独立于其他群划分。这项工作的主要目标是根据法院在2015年制定的指导方针，开发、提出并公开发布一种算法，以优化聚类县。我们使用这一工具来调查2017年重新划分选区过程中颁布的集群的最优化和独特性。我们验证了制定的集群是最优的，但找到了其他最优选择。我们强调，我们提供的工具列出了所有可能的最佳县集群。我们还探讨了在全州范围内人口变化的情况下集群的稳定性，并预测了从2020/2021年开始的下一个重新划分周期中县集群可能是什么样子。这篇文章的补充材料可以在网上找到。
Abstract North Carolina’s constitution requires that state legislative districts should not split counties. However, counties must be split to comply with the “one person, one vote” mandate of the U.S. Supreme Court. Given that counties must be split, the North Carolina legislature and the courts have provided guidelines that seek to reduce counties split across districts while also complying with the “one person, one vote” criterion. Under these guidelines, the counties are separated into clusters; each cluster contains a specified number of districts and that are drawn independent from other clusters. The primary goal of this work is to develop, present, and publicly release an algorithm to optimally cluster counties according to the guidelines set by the court in 2015. We use this tool to investigate the optimality and uniqueness of the enacted clusters under the 2017 redistricting process. We verify that the enacted clusters are optimal, but find other optimal choices. We emphasize that the tool we provide lists all possible optimal county clusterings. We also explore the stability of clustering under changing statewide populations and project what the county clusters may look like in the next redistricting cycle beginning in 2020/2021. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.