Production of antibody against elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) unveils tissue tropisms and routes of viral transmission in EEHV-infected Asian elephants
Production of antibody against elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) unveils tissue tropisms and routes of viral transmission in EEHV-infected Asian elephants
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-22968-5
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发表时间：
2018-03-16
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Pringproa, Kidsadagon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kochagul, Varankpicha;Srivorakul, Saralee;Pringproa, Kidsadagon
大象嗜内皮疱疹病毒（EEHV）是全世界大象中最具破坏性的病毒性传染病之一。迄今为止，尚不清楚大象是如何被这种病毒感染的，病毒在哪里持续存在，以及是什么机制导致了这种疾病的发病机制。本研究旨在研制EEHV糖蛋白B （gB）抗体，探讨EEHV在亚洲象中的组织趋向性，为EEHV在亚洲象中的传播提供可能的途径。本研究使用的样本来自死于EEHV1A和EEHV4感染的大象器官，以及感染EEHV4和未感染eehv的小牛的外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）。western免疫印迹结果表明，该抗体可用于EEHV1A-和eehv4感染样品中gB抗原的检测。免疫组化检测显示EEHV gB抗原主要分布在唾液腺、胃和肠的上皮细胞中。eehv4感染犊牛的PBMC对EEHV gB的免疫荧光检测表明，该病毒主要存在于单核吞噬细胞中。本研究的发现揭示了感染EEHV1A-和eehv4的小牛的组织趋向性，并指出唾液和肠道内容物可能是感染eehv的亚洲象病毒传播的来源。
Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) is one of the most devastating viral infectious diseases in elephants worldwide. To date, it remains unclear how elephants get infected by the virus, where the virus persists, and what mechanisms drive the pathogenesis of the disease. The present study was aimed to develop an antibody against glycoprotein B (gB) of EEHV, investigate the EEHV tissue tropisms, and provide the possible routes of EEHV transmission in Asian elephants. Samples from elephant organs that had died from EEHV1A and EEHV4 infections, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from EEHV4- and non-EEHV-infected calves were used in this study. The results of western immunoblotting indicated that the antibody can be used for detection of gB antigens in both EEHV1A- and EEHV4-infected samples. Immunohistochemical detection indicated that the EEHV gB antigens were distributed mainly in the epithelial cells of the salivary glands, stomach and intestines. Immunofluorescence test of PBMC for EEHV gB in the EEHV4-infected calf indicated that the virus was observed predominantly in the mononuclear phagocytic cells. The findings in the present study unveil tissue tropisms in the EEHV1A- and EEHV4-infected calves and point out that saliva and intestinal content are likely sources for virus transmission in EEHV-infected Asian elephants.