Neuroimaging in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Neuroimaging in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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DOI：
10.2217/bmm.12.26
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发表时间：
2012-06
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
M. Turner;F. Agosta;P. Bede;V. Govind;D. Lulé;E. Verstraete
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Turner;F. Agosta;P. Bede;V. Govind;D. Lulé;E. Verstraete
肌萎缩侧索硬化症的灾难性系统衰竭的特征是皮质脊髓束、脑干核团和脊髓前角的进行性神经变性，并伴有与额颞部痴呆重叠的运动外病理。计算机断层扫描的发展，更重要的是，核磁共振成像带来了对神经疾病的洞察，而以前只有通过尸检才能获得。尽管主要以研究为基础，但放射性核素成像继续提供对神经退行性疾病的机械性见解。MRI使用对皮质和白质结构、实质代谢物和血流高度敏感的先进序列的演变，使其成为研究肌萎缩侧索硬化症等多系统疾病的唯一有价值的工具。这篇全面的综述回顾了过去25年来应用于肌萎缩侧索硬化症的各种神经成像技术，以及它们所揭示的生物标志物和未来的发展。
The catastrophic system failure in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration within the corticospinal tracts, brainstem nuclei and spinal cord anterior horns, with an extra-motor pathology that has overlap with frontotemporal dementia. The development of computed tomography and, even more so, MRI has brought insights into neurological disease, previously only available through post-mortem study. Although largely research-based, radionuclide imaging has continued to provide mechanistic insights into neurodegenerative disorders. The evolution of MRI to use advanced sequences highly sensitive to cortical and white matter structure, parenchymal metabolites and blood flow, many of which are now applicable to the spinal cord as well as the brain, make it a uniquely valuable tool for the study of a multisystem disorder such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This comprehensive review considers the full range of neuroimaging techniques applied to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis over the last 25 years, the biomarkers they have revealed and future developments.