Georg Schmorl on trophoblasts in the maternal circulation
Georg Schmorl on trophoblasts in the maternal circulation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.placenta.2006.02.004
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Bianchi, D. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lapaire, O.;Holzgreve, W.;Bianchi, D. W.
胎儿与其母亲之间的细胞贩运为妊娠的潜在病理生理学提供了间接线索。 Georg Schmorl 首先记录了母体内胎儿细胞的存在，并强调了胎盘在子痫中的重要性。尽管他写于 1893 年的经典论文如今被广泛引用，但很少有研究人员真正读过这篇论文，因为它是用德语发表的 [Schmorl G., Pathologisch-anatomische Untersuchungen uber Puerperal-Eklampsie. Verlag FCW Vogel，莱比锡； 1893]。我们的目标是将这篇论文翻译成英文，并从 21 世纪的角度批判性地重新评估其结论。施莫尔对他进行完整尸检的 17 名女性的病理变化进行了非常敏锐的评估。他发现所有女性都有类似的严重变化，这表明存在共同的发病机制。这与当时流行的学说形成鲜明对比。他是第一个观察到女性肺部存在含有多核合胞体巨细胞的血栓的人，并推测它们源自胎盘。为了支持他的假设，他进行了动物实验。他还认识到，胎儿与母亲之间的贩运发生在正常妊娠期间，但在受子痫影响的妊娠中则有所增加。利用复杂的分子技术，我们现在可以精确地证实施莫尔如此优雅地描述的内容。 (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Trafficking of cells between the fetus and its mother provides indirect clues to the underlying pathophysiology of pregnancy. Georg Schmorl first documented the presence of fetal cells in the maternal body and emphasized the importance of the placenta in eclampsia. Although his classic paper, written in 1893, is widely cited today, few investigators have actually read the paper, as it was published in German [Schmorl G., Pathologisch-anatomische Untersuchungen uber Puerperal-Eklampsie. Verlag FCW Vogel, Leipzig; 1893]. Our goal was to translate the paper into English and critically re-evaluate its conclusions from a 21st century perspective.Schmorl was remarkably astute in his assessment of the pathologic changes that were seen in the 17 women on whom he performed complete autopsies. He found similar severe changes in all of the women, implying a common pathogenesis. This was in direct contrast to the then current doctrine. He was the first to observe the presence of thrombi containing multinucleated syncytial giant cells in the lungs of the women and speculated that they were of placental origin. To support his hypothesis he performed animal experiments. He also recognized that feto-maternal trafficking occurred in normal gestations but was increased in pregnancies affected by eclampsia. Using sophisticated molecular techniques we can now precisely confirm what Schmorl so elegantly described. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.