GOLDEN 2-LIKE transcription factors for chloroplast development affect ozone tolerance through the regulation of stomatal movement
GOLDEN 2-LIKE transcription factors for chloroplast development affect ozone tolerance through the regulation of stomatal movement
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1513093113
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发表时间：
2016-04-12
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Ohme-Takagi, Masaru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nagatoshi, Yukari;Mitsuda, Nobutaka;Ohme-Takagi, Masaru
气孔运动调节气体交换，从而直接影响光合作用的效率和植物对臭氧等空气污染物的敏感性。GARP家族转录因子GOLDEN 2-LIKE1 （GLK1）和GLK2在叶绿体发育中具有已知的功能。本研究表明，表达GLK1和-2嵌合抑制因子（GLK1/2- srdx）的拟南芥（a . thaliana）植物表现出闭气孔表型和对臭氧的强耐受性。相比之下，过表达GLK1/2的植物表现为开气孔表型，对臭氧的敏感性更高。表达GLK1-SRDX的植株内校正K+ (K-in(+))通道基因表达减少，K-in（+）通道活性降低。脱落酸处理不影响35S:GLK1/2- srdx植株的气孔表型和K-in（+）通道基因的转录活性，说明GLK1/2的作用独立于脱落酸信号传导。我们的研究结果表明，GLK1/2正调控K-in（+）通道基因的表达，促进气孔打开。由于由保护细胞特异性启动子驱动的嵌合GLK1-SRDX抑制因子在不影响叶肉细胞叶绿体发育的情况下诱导了闭合气孔表型，因此调节GLK1/2活性可能为控制气孔运动提供了有效的工具，从而赋予了对空气污染物的抗性。
Stomatal movements regulate gas exchange, thus directly affecting the efficiency of photosynthesis and the sensitivity of plants to air pollutants such as ozone. The GARP family transcription factors GOLDEN 2-LIKE1 (GLK1) and GLK2 have known functions in chloroplast development. Here, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) plants expressing the chimeric repressors for GLK1 and -2 (GLK1/2-SRDX) exhibited a closed-stomata phenotype and strong tolerance to ozone. By contrast, plants that overexpress GLK1/2 exhibited an open-stomata phenotype and higher sensitivity to ozone. The plants expressing GLK1-SRDX had reduced expression of the genes for inwardly rectifying K+ (K-in(+)) channels and reduced K-in(+) channel activity. Abscisic acid treatment did not affect the stomatal phenotype of 35S:GLK1/2-SRDX plants or the transcriptional activity for K-in(+) channel gene, indicating that GLK1/2 act independently of abscisic acid signaling. Our results indicate that GLK1/2 positively regulate the expression of genes for K-in(+) channels and promote stomatal opening. Because the chimeric GLK1-SRDX repressor driven by a guard cell-specific promoter induced a closed-stomata phenotype without affecting chloroplast development in mesophyll cells, modulating GLK1/2 activity may provide an effective tool to control stomatal movements and thus to confer resistance to air pollutants.