This Is the Rhythm of Your Eyes: The Phase of Ongoing Electroencephalogram Oscillations Modulates Saccadic Reaction Time
This Is the Rhythm of Your Eyes: The Phase of Ongoing Electroencephalogram Oscillations Modulates Saccadic Reaction Time
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4795-10.2011
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发表时间：
2011-03-23
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
VanRullen, Rufin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drewes, Jan;VanRullen, Rufin
从一个试验到另一个试验，即使对于简单而自动的任务，例如将视线转移到突然出现的目标，人类的运动反应时间也很大。尽管反应时间产生的经典模型认为这种可变性反映了固有的噪声，但其中的一部分也可能归因于持续的神经元过程。例如，以前与手动反应时间变异性有关，跨试验的α节律频率（8-12 Hz）的变化与手动反应时间变异性有关。在这里，我们研究了振荡阶段（持续活动的动态标记）对持续活动的动态标记的逐审影响，这是在增加认知需求的三个范式中的saccadic反应时间（简单反应时间，选择反应时间和视觉歧视任务）。在高α/低β/低β范围（11-17 Hz）处持续的刺激前活性的阶段与Saccadic响应潜伏期密切相关。这种关系存在于所有三个范式中，在固定点偏移前的50 ms和目标开始前的250 ms的阶段达到峰值。最苛刻的歧视任务中的反应时间落入了两种不同的模式，反映了一种快速但不准确的策略或缓慢而有效的策略。使用更快的策略，在受试者组中，相位效应明显更强。我们得出的结论是，可归因于神经元振荡的电活动的周期性波动可以调节动眼系统在快速时段上的效率。但是，当认知负载还增加了响应时间变异性的重要贡献时，这种关系可能会被掩盖。
Motor reaction times in humans are highly variable from one trial to the next, even for simple and automatic tasks, such as shifting your gaze to a suddenly appearing target. Although classic models of reaction time generation consider this variability to reflect intrinsic noise, some portion of it could also be attributed to ongoing neuronal processes. For example, variations of alpha rhythm frequency (8-12 Hz) across individuals, or alpha amplitude across trials, have been related previously to manual reaction time variability. Here we investigate the trial-by-trial influence of oscillatory phase, a dynamic marker of ongoing activity, on saccadic reaction time in three paradigms of increasing cognitive demand (simple reaction time, choice reaction time, and visual discrimination tasks). The phase of ongoing pre-stimulus activity in the high alpha/low beta range (11-17 Hz) at frontocentral locations was strongly associated with saccadic response latencies. This relation, present in all three paradigms, peaked for phases recorded similar to 50 ms before fixation point offset and 250 ms before target onset. Reaction times in the most demanding discrimination task fell into two distinct modes reflecting a fast but inaccurate strategy or a slow and efficient one. The phase effect was markedly stronger in the group of subjects using the faster strategy. We conclude that periodic fluctuations of electrical activity attributable to neuronal oscillations can modulate the efficiency of the oculomotor system on a rapid timescale; however, this relation may be obscured when cognitive load also adds a significant contribution to response time variability.