Frequency, viral loads, and serotype identification of enterovirus infections in Scottish blood donors
Frequency, viral loads, and serotype identification of enterovirus infections in Scottish blood donors
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00463.x
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Simmonds, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Welch, J;Maclaran, K;Simmonds, P
背景：肠道病毒是感染人类的无包膜、经常致病的 RNA 病毒。在抗体血清转化之前的病毒血症阶段，感染可能通过供者输注的血液或血液成分进行传播。为了调查肠道病毒对血液安全的威胁，对献血者病毒血症的频率和水平进行了大规模调查。 研究设计和方法：通过 PCR 对 22 个日历月内来自苏格兰的献血者进行肠道病毒 RNA 序列筛查。对阳性样本进行定量，并通过 VP1 的核苷酸测序来鉴定血清型。 结果：从总共 3658 个样本库（共 95 份测试的捐赠）中，鉴定出 73 个肠道病毒阳性样本（校正年频率为 0.024% 或 4000 分之一）。病毒血症发生率最高的是夏末月份（例如，7 月为 0.055%，1800 年有 1 例），1 月至 5 月最低（0.009% 和 0.012%）。病毒载量范围为每毫升 500 个（测定的下限）到超过 100,000 个可扩增肠道病毒模板拷贝。最常被识别的是柯萨奇病毒 A16、埃可病毒 11 和 30 以及肠道病毒 71。结论：肠道病毒阳性血液单位的检测表明肠道病毒可能通过血液成分传播。尽管为基于 PCR 的 HCV RNA 筛查建立的基础设施将允许平行筛查肠道病毒，但任何有关捐赠者检测的决定都需要有关输血获得性肠道病毒感染结果的进一步信息。
BACKGROUND: Enteroviruses are non-enveloped, frequently pathogenic RNA viruses infecting humans. Infection is potentially transmissible through blood or blood component transfusion from donor in the viremic phase before seroconversion for antibody. To investigate the threat to blood safety from enteroviruses, a large-scale survey of frequency and levels of viremia in blood donors was conducted.STUDY DESIGNS AND METHODS: Blood donations from Scotland over a period of 22 calendar months were screened for enterovirus RNA sequences by PCR. Positive samples were quantified, and serotypes were identified by nucleotide sequencing of VP1.RESULTS: From a total of 3658 pools of 95 donations tested, 73 samples that were enterovirus-positive were identified (corrected annual frequency 0.024% or 1 in 4000). The highest rates of viremia were in late summer months (e.g., 0.055%, 1 in 1800 in July) and lowest from January to May (0.009 and 0.012%). Viral loads ranged from 500 (the lower cutoff of the assay) to greater than 100,000 amplifiable enterovirus template copies per mL. Coxsackievirus A16, echoviruses 11 and 30, and enterovirus 71 were most often identified.CONCLUSIONS: The detection of enterovirus-positive blood units indicates the potential for enteroviral transmission by blood components. Although the infrastructure established for PCR-based screening for HCV RNA would allow parallel screening for enteroviruses, any decision concerning donor testing would require further information on the outcome of transfusion-acquired enterovirus infections.