Identifying stable reference taxa for phylogenetic nomenclature
Identifying stable reference taxa for phylogenetic nomenclature
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确定系统发育命名法的稳定参考类群
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发表时间：
2006
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通讯作者：
M. Wilkinson
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作者：
M. Wilkinson
命名的导言代码和习惯旨在使分类群名称的含义、内容和用途更加清晰和稳定。在系统发育命名学中，分类名的含义和内容取决于某些系统发育假说，如果相关的系统发育观点被修订，则可能会发生变化(不稳定)。已经制定了许多支持系统发育假说的措施，并假设看似得到很好支持的关系最不可能被证明是不稳定的，通过避免依赖于似乎得到较弱支持的关系的系统发育定义，可以促进命名稳定性(例如，Lee 2005)。自举比例、贝叶斯后验概率和衰变指数等指标通常被用来对系统发育中的分支(完全分裂)的支持度进行排名，并可用于指导对系统发育命名中稳定性的追求。Lee(2005)建议，此外，由Joseph Thorley和我(Thorley&Wilkinson，1999；Thorley，2000)发展的叶片稳定性(LS)可以用来识别相对不稳定的叶片(顶生类群)。这是有用的，因为(第329页)“参考分类群的选择可以极大地影响系统发育分类的稳定性”，因此“通过选择系统发育稳定的参考分类群可以将这种不稳定性降到最低”。虽然赞扬Lee(2005)对稳定性的关注，并同意叶片稳定性度量有时在区分相对稳定和不稳定的类群方面是有用的，但我在这里的目的是提请人们注意可能被证明更有用的替代方法。
Introduction Codes and customs of nomenclature aim to provide clarity and stability in the meaning, content and use of the names of taxa. In phylogenetic nomenclature, the meaning and content of a taxon name are contingent upon some phylogenetic hypothesis and subject to change (instability) should relevant views of phylogeny be revised. Many measures of support for phylogenetic hypotheses have been developed and, assuming that seemingly well-supported relationships are least likely to prove unstable, nomenclatural stability can be promoted by avoiding phylogenetic definitions that are contingent upon seemingly weakly supported relationships (e.g. Lee 2005). Measures such as bootstrap proportions, Bayesian posterior probabilities, and decay indices are routinely used to rank the support for clades (full splits) in a phylogeny and can be used to guide the pursuit of stability in phylogenetic nomenclature. Lee (2005) suggested that, in addition, Leaf Stabilities (LS), a family of measures developed by Joseph Thorley and myself (Thorley & Wilkinson 1999; Thorley 2000) be used to identify relatively unstable leaves (terminal taxa). This is useful because (p. 329) ‘choice of reference taxa can greatly influence the stability of phylogenetic taxonomies’ so that ‘such instability can be minimized by choosing phylogenetically stable reference taxa’. While applauding Lee’s (2005) concern for stability, and agreeing that leaf stability measures can sometimes be useful in distinguishing relatively stable and unstable taxa, my aim here is to draw attention to alternative approaches that may prove more useful.