Enhancing versus suppressive effects of stress hormones on skin immune function
Enhancing versus suppressive effects of stress hormones on skin immune function
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.96.3.1059
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发表时间：
1999-02-02
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
McEwen, BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dhabhar, FS;McEwen, BS
迟发型超敏反应（DTH）是抗原特异性细胞介导的免疫应答，其取决于抗原，介导有益的（例如，对病毒、细菌和真菌的抗性）或有害的（例如，过敏性皮炎和自身免疫）免疫功能方面。相反的想法，压力抑制免疫力，我们已经报道，短时间的应激源显着提高皮肤DTH和压力诱导的白细胞运输到皮肤可能介导这种免疫增强，在这里，我们确定的激素介质的压力诱导的皮肤免疫增强。肾上腺切除术，消除了糖皮质激素和肾上腺素的应激反应，消除了应激引起的皮肤DTH增强。低剂量皮质酮或肾上腺素管理显着增强皮肤DTH和产生的淋巴结引流的DTH反应的网站的T细胞的数量显着增加。相反，高剂量皮质酮，慢性皮质酮，或低剂量地塞米松管理显着抑制皮肤DTH，这些结果表明肾上腺应激激素作为内源性免疫增强剂的作用。这些结果还表明，在急性应激反应期间释放的激素可能有助于免疫系统为潜在的挑战做好准备（例如，受伤或感染），对于这些疾病，大脑的压力感知可以作为早期预警信号。
Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions are antigen-specific cell-mediated immune responses that, depending on the antigen, mediate beneficial (e.g., resistance to viruses, bacteria, and fungi) or harmful (e.g., allergic dermatitis and autoimmunity) aspects of immune function. Contrary to the idea that stress suppresses immunity, we have reported that short-duration stressors significantly enhance skin DTH and that a stress-induced trafficking of leukocytes to the skin may mediate this immunoenhancement, Here, we identify the hormonal mediators of a stress-induced enhancement of skin immunity. Adrenalectomy, which eliminates the glucocorticoid and epinephrine stress response, eliminated the stress-induced enhancement of skin DTH. Low-dose corticosterone or epinephrine administration significantly enhanced skin DTH and produced a significant increase in the number of T cells in lymph nodes draining the site of the DTH reaction. In contrast, high-dose corticosterone, chronic corticosterone, or low-dose dexamethasone administration significantly suppressed skin DTH, These results suggest a role for adrenal stress hormones as endogenous immunoenhancing agents. These results also show that hormones released during an acute stress response may help prepare the immune system for potential challenges (e.g., wounding or infection) for which stress perception by the brain may serve as an early warning signal.