Phlebotomine sandflies in a focus of visceral leishmaniasis in a border area of eastern Sudan
Phlebotomine sandflies in a focus of visceral leishmaniasis in a border area of eastern Sudan
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DOI：
10.1080/00034989761157
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发表时间：
1997-04-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ward, RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Elnaiem, DA;Hassan, HK;Ward, RD
在苏丹东部靠近埃塞俄比亚边界的地区进行了一项实地研究，以调查内脏利什曼病（黑热病）流行的两个地区（加拉巴特省Umsalala村和邻近的丁德尔省丁德尔国家公园）白蛉的数量、季节性、咬人行为和栖息地。不同物种的ababarity确定收集，使用光和粘纸陷阱，在不同的栖息地之间，1993年11月和1995年2月。咬人的白蛉在落在人类诱饵上时被收集起来。白蛉的栖息地为茅草屋、鸡笼、树洞、白蚁土丘和土缝。发现的种类有东方白蛉（Phlebotomus（Larroussius）orientalis）、帕氏白蛉（P.（Phlebotomus）papatasi）、萨氏白蛉（P.（Paraphlebotomus）saevus）、罗氏白蛉（P.（Anaphlebotomus）rodhaini）、克氏长胸蝇（Sergentomyia（Sintonius）clydei）、克氏长胸蝇（S.（Sergentomyia）antennata、长角叶蝉S.（Sergentomyia）schwetzi，S.（Parrotomyia）africana和S.（Grassomyia）squamiplearis.东方白蛉（Phlebotomus orientalis）是DNP中唯一的咬人白蛉，而帕帕塔沙白蛉（P. papatasi）、东方白蛉（P. orientalis）和萨氏白蛉（P. saevus）均在Umsalala中发现，但不同生境中的白蛉数量不同。在Umsalala和DNP的一个狩猎管理员营地，Sergentomyia spp.占优势的白蛉。在DNP中，以相思树为主的灌木丛中最丰富的白蛉是P. orientalis，其次是Sergentomyia spp.。显着的栖息地“偏好”，观察该地区的大多数白蛉物种。在试图寻找休息的苍蝇时，只在大白蚁（Macrotermes herus）的土丘中发现了东方白白蚁（P. orientalis），而只在小屋中发现了帕帕塔西白白蚁（P. papatasi）;没有发现其他白蛉属物种的休息场所。而丝蝇属（Sergentomyia）、蝇属（ia spp.）DNP中的东方松种群数量具有明显的季节变化，其季节变化与该地区的月平均温度和相对湿度密切相关。在雨季开始时，这种病媒的数量显著增加。
A field study was carried out in eastern Sudan, near the Ethiopian border, to investigate the abundance, seasonality, man-biting behaviour and resting sites of sandflies in two areas where visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is endemic: Umsalala village, Galabat Province; and the adjacent Dinder National Park (DNP), Dinder Province. Abundance of the different species was determined from collections made, using light and sticky-paper traps, in various habitats between November 1993 and February 1995. Man-biting sandflies were collected as they landed on human bait. The habitats investigated for day-resting sandflies were thatched huts, chicken coops, tree-holes, termite mounds and soil cracks. Animal burrows were not investigated.The species found were Phlebotomus (Larroussius) orientalis, P. (Phlebotomus) papatasi, P. (Paraphlebotomus) saevus, P. (Anaphlebotomus) rodhaini, Sergentomyia (Sintonius) clydei, S. (Sergentomyia) antennata, S. (Sergentomyia) schwetzi, S. (Parrotomyia) africana and S. (Grassomyia) squamipleuris. Phlebotomus orientalis was the only man-biting sandfly species found in the DNP whereas P. papatasi, P. orientalis and P. saevus;us were all found in Umsalala.Abundance of each species varied with the habitat. In Umsalala and a camp for game wardens in the DNP, Sergentomyia spp. predominated over Phlebotomus. In the DNP, the most abundant sandfly in a thicket dominated by Acacia seyal trees was P. orientalis, followed by Sergentomyia spp. Significant habitat 'preferences' were observed for most sandfly species in the area. In attempts to find resting flies, P. orientalis was only found resting in the mounds made by the termite Macrotermes herus and P. papatasi was only found inside huts; no resting sites were detected for other Phlebotomus spp. but Sergentomyia,ia spp. were observed in all the sites investigated.The P. orientalis in the DNP showed a clear seasonal variation in abundance, which was closely correlated with the mean monthly temperature and relative humidity of the area. A remarkable increase in the abundance of this vector occurred at the beginning of the rainy season.