Assessment of pathogen occurrences and resistance profiles among infected patients in the intensive care unit: report from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (North America, 2001)
Assessment of pathogen occurrences and resistance profiles among infected patients in the intensive care unit: report from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (North America, 2001)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2003.12.019
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
Fritsche, TR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Streit, JM;Jones, RN;Fritsche, TR
作为SENTRY抗菌药物监测计划（2001）的一部分，在中心实验室处理了来自北美25个选定重症监护病房（ICU）的血液、呼吸道、尿液和伤口部位的共计1321株细菌菌株，以评估其发生率和抗菌药物敏感性特征。回收的病原体依次为金黄色葡萄球菌（24.1%）、铜绿假单胞菌（12.2%）、大肠埃希菌（10.1%）、克雷伯菌属（10.1%）。(8.9%）、肠球菌属（Enterococcus spp.）(7.2凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（7.0%）和肠杆菌属（7.0%）。(7.0%).虽然苯唑西林耐药的S。金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药率为51.4%，对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、奎奴普汀/达福普汀均未检出耐药。对铜绿假单胞菌最有效的药物是阿米卡星、头孢吡肟、妥布霉素、美罗培南和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦（3.1-13.0%耐药）。在针对肠杆菌科测试的药物中，阿米卡星、头孢吡肟、亚胺培南和美罗培南显示出最大的体外活性（0.0-3.4%耐药性）。产超广谱β-内酰胺酶表型率分别为11.2%和16.2%。大肠杆菌和克雷伯氏菌属，分别利奈唑胺对肠球菌的活性最高（1.1%耐药; G2576 U核糖体突变），而28.4%的分离株对万古霉素耐药。头孢吡肟和碳青霉烯类（亚胺培南或美罗培南）用于革兰氏阴性分离株，利奈唑胺用于革兰氏阳性分离株，提供了对北美当代ICU病原体的最广谱体外活性。(C)2004年，Elsevier B. V.和国际化疗学会。All rights reserved.
Originating from 25 selected intensive care units (ICUs) in North America, a total of 1321 bacterial strains from blood, respiratory tract, urine and wound sites were processed at a central laboratory as part of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2001) to assess their occurrence rates and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. The rank order of pathogens recovered was Staphylococcus aureus (24.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.2%), Escherichia coli (10.1%), Klebsiella spp. (8.9%), Enterococcus spp. (7.2%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (7.0%) and Enterobacter spp. (7.0%). Although oxacillin resistance among S. aureus was 51.4%, no resistance was detected to vancomycin, linezolid and quinupristin/dalfopristin. The most active agents tested against P. aeruginosa were amikacin, cefepime, tobramycin, meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam (3.1-13.0% resistance). Among agents tested against the Enterobacteriaceae, amikacin, cefepime, imipenem and meropenem showed greatest in vitro activity (0.0-3.4% resistance). Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing phenotype rates were 11.2 and 16.2% in E. coli and Klebsiella spp., respectively. Linezolid was most active against enterococci (1.1% resistance; G2576U ribosomal mutation) whereas 28.4% of isolates were resistant to vancomycin. Cefepime and the carbapenems (imipenem or meropenem) for Gram-negative isolates and linezolid for Gram-positive isolates, provided the broadest spectrum of in vitro activity against contemporary ICU pathogens in North America. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.