DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID IS THE PREFERRED DIETARY N-3 FATTY-ACID FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRAIN AND RETINA
DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID IS THE PREFERRED DIETARY N-3 FATTY-ACID FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRAIN AND RETINA
复制标题
DOI：
10.1203/00006450-199001000-00023
复制
发表时间：
1990-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
CORLISS, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ANDERSON, GJ;CONNOR, WE;CORLISS, JD
本文研究了n-3脂肪酸缺乏的初孵雏鸡日粮中n-3脂肪酸的代谢。蛋鸡饲喂n-6脂肪酸，亚油酸乙酯，作为多不饱和脂肪的唯一来源。然后用n-3-缺乏的母鸡饲料喂养小鸡，或者用补充有0.44%卡路里的18：3 n-3、20：5-3 [二十碳五烯酸（EPA）]或22：6 n-3 [二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）]乙酯的三种其他饲料中的一种。在0，1，2和3周结束时，脑，视网膜，肝脏和血清的脂肪酸组成进行了测定。膳食EPA和DHA在提高大脑和视网膜中的DHA水平方面同样有效。膳食18：3在恢复大脑和视网膜DHA方面相对无效。在n-3-缺乏的小鸡喂养EPA或DHA，水平的DHA恢复到控制值在大脑和视网膜3周。很少的EPA积累在大脑或视网膜的小鸡喂养EPA。肝脏从EPA合成DHA的水平似乎很低，这表明大脑视网膜合成了DHA，并在摄入EPA后迅速积累在这些组织中。该. δ- 4去饱和酶活性明显增强，其次是脑和视网膜。在血清、肝脏和视网膜中，饮食22：6到22：5和20：5的逆转是明显的，但在大脑中没有。因此，有可能研究相对代谢，特别是在不受这些必需脂肪酸现有储存复杂化的环境中n-3脂肪酸的相互转化。这项研究表明，18：3作为动物（包括人类婴儿）饮食中n-3脂肪酸的唯一来源，可能不足以促进大脑和视网膜的生化发育，而膳食DHA是n-3系列的首选脂肪酸。
The metabolism of individual dietary n-3 fatty acids was studied in n-3 fatty acid-deficient newly hatched chicks. Laying hens were fed the n-6 fatty acid, ethyl linoleate, as the only source of polyunsaturated fat. Chicks were then fed the n-3-deficient hens'' diet, or one of three other diets supplemented with the ethyl ester of 18:3n-3, 20:5-3 [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)], or 22:6n-3 [docosahexanoic acid (DHA)] at 0.44% of calories. At the end of 0, 1, 2, and 3 wk, the fatty acid composition of the brain, retina, liver, and serum was determined. Dietary EPA and DHA were equally effective at raising levels of DHA in the brain and retina. Dietary 18:3 was relatively ineffective in restoring brain and retina DHA. In the n-3-deficient chicks fed EPA or DHA, levels of DHA recovered to control values in both the brain and retina by 3 wk. Very little EPA accumulated in the brain or retina of chicks fed EPA. Hepatic synthesis of DHA from EPA appeared low, suggesting that the brain retina synthesized the DHA that accumulated rapidly in these tissues after the feeding of EPA. The .delta.-4 desaturate enzyme was apparently very active, then, in the brain and retina. Retroconversion of dietary 22:6 to 22:5 and 20:5 was evident in the serum, liver, and retina but not in the brain. Thus, it was possible to study the relative metabolism and especially the interconversion of n-3 fatty acids in a environment uncomplicated by existing stores of these essential fatty acids. This study would suggest that 18:3 as the sole source of n-3 fatty acids in the diets of animals, including the human infant, may not be adequate for the biochemical development of the brain and retina and that dietary DHA is the preferred fatty acid of the n-3 series.