Types of Sleep Problems in Adults Living with HIV/AIDS
Types of Sleep Problems in Adults Living with HIV/AIDS
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DOI：
10.5664/jcsm.1666
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Aouizerat, Bradley E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lee, Kathryn A.;Gay, Caryl;Aouizerat, Bradley E.
目的：描述成人艾滋病毒感染者经历的特定类型的睡眠问题。方法：设计是横断面的，涉及睡眠问卷、日记和腕部活动记录仪。方便样本包括 290 名 22-77 岁的艾滋病毒感染者成年人。测量方法包括自我报告入睡潜伏期，以及腕部体动记录仪对夜间总睡眠时间、入睡后醒来和白天睡眠的估计。结果：近一半 (45%) 的样本每晚睡眠时间 < 6 小时。 34% 的人报告入睡困难，根据体动记录仪，56% 的人睡眠不完整； 20% 的人同时存在这两种问题，30% 的人睡眠质量良好。报告入睡困难的参与者的体动记录和临床测量与睡眠良好的人相似，但主观上他们经历了更大的睡眠障碍和症状负担（特别是焦虑和早晨疲劳），并报告更多地使用安眠药物。睡眠不完整的参与者报告称，与睡眠良好的人相似，睡眠障碍和症状负担水平较低，尽管体动记录仪测量表明他们在夜间和白天的睡眠较少。睡眠碎片化还与社会人口因素和 CD4+ T 细胞计数略低有关。报告这两种睡眠问题的参与者的体动记录和临床特征与那些只有零散睡眠的参与者相似，但他们的症状体验与仅有入睡困难的参与者相似。结论：研究结果支持有针对性地努力改善大多数艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的睡眠，并针对特定类型的睡眠问题制定干预措施，无论该人的临床和人口特征如何。
Objective: To characterize specific types of sleep problems experienced by adults with HIV.Method: The design was cross-sectional involving sleep questionnaires, diaries, and wrist actigraphy. The convenience sample included 290 adults living with HIV, 22-77 years of age. Measures included self-report for sleep onset latency, and wrist actigraphy estimates of total sleep time at night, wake after sleep onset, and daytime sleep.Results: Nearly half (45%) of the sample slept < 6 h per night. Difficulty falling asleep was reported by 34%, and 56% had fragmented sleep according to actigraphy; 20% had both problems, and 30% were good sleepers. Participants reporting difficulty falling asleep had actigraphy and clinical measures similar to the good sleepers, but subjectively they experienced greater sleep disturbance and symptom burden (particularly anxiety and morning fatigue) and reported more use of sleep medication. Participants with fragmented sleep reported low levels of sleep disturbance and symptom burden similar to the good sleepers, despite actigraphy measures indicating they obtained less sleep both at night and during the day. Sleep fragmentation was also associated with sociodemographic factors and slightly lower CD4+ T-cell counts. Participants reporting both sleep problems had actigraphy and clinical profiles similar to those who had only fragmented sleep, but their symptom experience was similar to participants with only sleep initiation difficulties.Conclusions: Findings support the need for targeting efforts to improve sleep for the majority of adults living with HIV/AIDS and tailoring interventions to the specific type of sleep problem regardless of the person's clinical and demographic profile.