Site-oriented ecosystem management: precondition to reducing the contamination of waters and the atmosphere
Site-oriented ecosystem management: precondition to reducing the contamination of waters and the atmosphere
复制标题
以场地为导向的生态系统管理：减少水体和大气污染的先决条件
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-011-5418-5_12
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Beese
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Hantschel;F. Beese
在过去的几十年里，农业土地使用的做法发生了巨大的变化。中欧种植系统的更密集使用和随后的变化造成了以下主要影响（Tivy，1993年）：减少农场劳动力;增加农场和田地面积;增加机械化和人为资源的应用（矿物肥料、杀虫剂、柴油）;通过专门系统分离养分循环（即单一栽培）;动植物生产分离;轮作的简化和标准化;忽视了立地的变异性（土壤物理、化学、生物特性，以及微气象和地形特性）。
During the last decades, agricultural land-use practices have changed tremendously. More intensive use and the subsequent changes in cultivation systems in Central Europe have caused the following main effects (Tivy, 1993):reduction of farm labour;increase of farm and field size;increased mechanisation and application of anthropogenic resources (mineral fertilisers, pesticides, diesel);discoupling of nutrient cycles by specialised systems (i.e. monocultures);separation of plant and animal production;simplification and standardisation of crop rotations; andneglect of site variability (in soil physical, soil chemical and soil biological properties, as well as in micrometeorological and relief properties).