Morphology and flight manoeuvrability in New World leaf‐nosed bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
Morphology and flight manoeuvrability in New World leaf‐nosed bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
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DOI：
10.1017/s0952836901001005
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发表时间：
2001-08
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Elizabeth F. Stockwell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Elizabeth F. Stockwell
在五种蝙蝠在新热带家庭Phyllostomidae的翅膀形态和机动能力之间的关系，通过障碍课程进行了研究。这些物种代表了一系列的形态和摄食适应：Tonatia silvicola，一种表面拾穗的食虫动物; Artibeus jamaicensis和A。literatus、冠层食果动物和刺叶拟舟蛾C. perspicillata;栗属，林下食果动物。已知形态的蝙蝠提出了三种不同的障碍安排，以随机顺序选择。为了控制翼展，将障碍物之间的间距缩放到个体的翼展（蝙蝠翼展的1×、0.75×、0.5×）。性能被测量的次数蝙蝠击中障碍物硬到足以偏转it. Morphological变量进行了分析，使用主成分分析，并总结了前两个主成分（PC）：PC 1，“大小”，与大小相关的变量是强烈的，正相关; PC 2，“弯度”，其中变量与最大深度的机翼弯度加权最重。障碍课程的性能显着相关的大小和弧度在所有的障碍间距：较大的蝙蝠击中更多的障碍，即使障碍间距是按比例缩放到翼展，和蝙蝠有更好的能力，以弯曲的翅膀击中更少的障碍。这些结果表明，在更杂乱的栖息地觅食的蝙蝠物种更有可能是小的尺寸和/或有翅膀能够产生必要的高弯度，以保持在低飞行速度的升力。
The relationship between wing morphology and ability to manoeuvre through an obstacle course was examined in five species of bats in the Neotropical family Phyllostomidae. These species represent a range of morphologies and feeding adaptations: Tonatia silvicola, a surface-gleaning insectivore; Artibeus jamaicensis and A. literatus, canopy frugivores; and Carollia perspicillata and C. castanea, understory frugivores. Bats of known morphology were presented with three different obstacle arrangements chosen in random order. In order to control for wing span, spacing between obstacles was scaled to the wing span of the individual (1×, 0.75×, 0.5× the wing span of the bat). Performance was measured as the number of times a bat hit an obstacle hard enough to deflect it. Morphological variables were analysed using principal components analysis and were summarized by the first two principal components (PC): PC 1, ‘size’, with which size-related variables were strongly, positively correlated; PC 2, ‘camber’, on which variables associated with maximum depth of wing camber weighted most heavily. Obstacle course performance was significantly correlated with both size and camber at all obstacle spacings: larger bats hit more obstacles, even though obstacle spacing was scaled to wing span, and bats with better ability to camber wings hit fewer obstacles. These results show that bat species that forage in more cluttered habitats are more likely to be small in size and/or have wings able to produce the high camber necessary to maintain lift at low flight speeds.