Update on bladder cancer molecular subtypes.
Update on bladder cancer molecular subtypes.
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DOI：
10.21037/tau-2019-mibc-12
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Choi W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fong MHY;Feng M;McConkey DJ;Choi W
2014年，由于高通量技术的进步，已发表的文献中出现了大量关于膀胱癌分子亚型的研究。根据基因表达谱，主要的分子分类细分为基底亚型和管腔亚型，这与在乳腺癌中观察到的类似。 TCGA 将这些基底亚型和管腔亚型进一步细分为鳞状癌、浸润型、管腔乳头状癌、管腔/基因组不稳定 (GU) 和神经元/小细胞癌 (SCC) 亚型。最近，一个国际亚型共识项目通过定义共识分子分类（CMC）进一步扩展了 TCGA 亚型。多学科专家团队创建了 CMC，以克服由于多个已发表的膀胱癌分子分类具有不同的命名法和分子特征而导致的临床应用困难。与 TCGA 亚型分类相比，它包括六种分子亚型，并增加了一种管腔亚型（管腔非指定）。最初的研究工作集中在分子和组织病理学水平上每种亚型的表征，但最近的研究已经检验了它们在临床实用性方面的重要性，即告知预后和/或预测未来临床试验中要测试的治疗反应的生物标志物。本综述概述了分子亚型与膀胱癌患者临床治疗之间关系的最新研究。
In 2014, there was a burst of studies on the molecular subtypes of bladder cancer in the published literature that was made possible by the advances in high-throughput technologies. Based on gene expression profiling, the major molecular classification subdivisions were basal and luminal subtypes, which resembled to those observed in breast cancers. These basal and luminal subtypes were further subdivided by TCGA into squamous, infiltrated, luminal-papillary, luminal/genomically unstable (GU), and neuronal/small cell carcinoma (SCC) subtypes. Recently, an international subtypes consensus project further expanded on the TCGA subtypes by defining a consensus molecular classification (CMC). A multidisciplinary team of experts generated CMC to overcome the difficulties of clinical applications due to several published bladder cancer molecular classifications with various nomenclatures and molecular features. It included six molecular subtypes with the addition of one more luminal subtype (luminal nonspecified) compared to the TCGA subtype classification. The initial research efforts have focused on the characterization of each subtype at the molecular and histopathologic levels, but more recent studies have examined their significance in terms of clinical utility, i.e., biomarkers that inform prognostication and/or to predict therapeutic responses to be tested in future clinical trials. This review provides an overview of recent investigations into the relationship between molecular subtypes and the clinical management of patients with bladder cancer.