Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Application on Apple Nutrient Content and Orchard Soil Condition
Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Application on Apple Nutrient Content and Orchard Soil Condition
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DOI：
10.3390/agriculture11040340
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发表时间：
2021-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Adhikari, Dinesh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kai, Takamitsu;Adhikari, Dinesh
日本的苹果种植通常涉及使用化肥和杀虫剂，这会破坏环境。因此，本研究对有机（有机肥+减量农药）和常规化肥、农药施用量下苹果园土壤生化特性、果实养分含量和农药残留进行了研究。与常规化肥处理相比，有机肥处理果实含糖量显著提高，土壤总碳、全氮、全磷含量显著提高。有机肥处理的土壤细菌生物量和氮循环也显著增加。在有机施肥的水果中检测到最低限度的农药残留，但在用常规肥料和农药种植的苹果中，用于控制蜘蛛螨的丙咪嗪水平显着较高。这些来自传统施肥果园的残留水平超过了欧洲和食品法典残留标准。这些结果表明，环境友好的树木栽培土壤管理措施，如有机肥和减少农药种植，可以加强土壤中的养分循环，减少对环境的负担，并促进食品安全和保障。
Apple cultivation in Japan typically involves the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides which can damage the environment. Therefore, in this study we investigated the orchard soil biochemical characteristics as well as the fruit nutrient contents, and pesticide residues of apples grown either organically (organic fertilizers + reduced pesticides) or with conventional chemical fertilizers and pesticide rates. Compared with conventional chemical fertilizer treatment, the organic fertilizer treatment produced fruit with significantly higher contents of sugar, as well as soil with higher total carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. There were also significantly greater soil bacterial biomass and N circulation in the organically fertilized treatments. Minimal pesticide residues were detected in the organically fertilized fruits, but in the apples cultivated with conventional rates of fertilizers and pesticides there were significantly higher levels of propargite that was used to control spider mites. These residue levels from the conventionally fertilized orchards exceeded European and Codex residue standards. These results indicate that environmentally friendly arboricultural soil management practices, such as organic fertilizer and reduced pesticide cultivation can enhance nutrient cycling in soil, reduce the burden on the environment, and promote food safety and security.