Substantial genetic influence on cognitive abilities in twins 80 or more years old
Substantial genetic influence on cognitive abilities in twins 80 or more years old
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DOI：
10.1126/science.276.5318.1560
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发表时间：
1997-06-06
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Plomin, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McClearn, GE;Johansson, B;Plomin, R
研究人员对 80 岁或以上的瑞典同性双胞胎进行了一般和特定认知能力的研究，这对双胞胎都没有严重的认知、感觉或运动障碍。 110对同卵双胞胎的相似度在所有能力上都显着超过了130对同性异卵双胞胎的相似度。遗传力的最大似然模型拟合估计为：一般认知能力为 62%，语言能力为 55%，空间能力为 32%，处理速度为 62%，记忆力为 52%。还有证据表明，特殊经历作为最能决定晚年认知能力个体差异的环境因素，具有显着影响。
General and specific cognitive abilities were studied in intact Swedish same-sex twin pairs 80 or more years old for whom neither twin had major cognitive, sensory, or motor impairment. Resemblance for 110 identical twin pairs significantly exceeded resemblance for 130 fraternal same-sex twin pairs for all abilities. Maximum-likelihood model-fitting estimates of heritability were 62 percent for general cognitive ability, 55 percent for verbal ability, 32 percent for spatial ability, 62 percent for speed of processing, and 52 percent for memory, There was also evidence for the significant influence of idiosyncratic experience as the environmental component that most determines individual differences in cognitive abilities late in life.