Stressing the person: legal and everyday person attributions under stress.
Stressing the person: legal and everyday person attributions under stress.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsycho.2014.07.020
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发表时间：
2014-12
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Phelps, Elizabeth A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kubota, Jennifer T.;Mojdehbakhsh, Rachel;Raio, Candace;Brosch, Tobias;Uleman, James S.;Phelps, Elizabeth A.
在确定一个人的行为的原因时，感知者往往会高估性格解释而低估情境解释，这种错误被称为基本归因错误（FAE）。FAE的发生部分是因为性格解释是相对自动的，而考虑情况需要额外的认知努力。众所周知，压力会损害前额叶皮层和对归因过程很重要的执行功能。我们调查了压力是否会增加普通场所和法律的情境中的倾向性归因。经历生理应激增加了参与者的皮质醇，常见的日常行为的性格归因和负面评价。当确定是否犯罪是由于被告的处置或减轻的情况下，自我报告的压力与增加被告的行为的倾向性判断。这些研究结果表明，压力可能会使人们更有可能犯下FAE，并且在日常生活中以及在做出具有社会影响力的司法决定时对他人的评价不那么有利。
When determining the cause of a person’s behavior, perceivers often overweigh dispositional explanations and underweigh situational explanations, an error known as the Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE). The FAE occurs in part because dispositional explanations are relatively automatic, whereas considering the situation requires additional cognitive effort. Stress is known to impair the prefrontal cortex and executive functions important for the attribution process. We investigated if stress increases dispositional attributions in common place and legal situations. Experiencing a physiological stressor increased participants’ cortisol, dispositional attributions of common everyday behaviors, and negative evaluations. When determining whether a crime was due to the defendant’s disposition or the mitigating situation, self-reported stress correlated with increased dispositional judgments of defendant’s behavior. These findings indicate that stress may makes people more likely to commit the FAE and less favorable in their evaluations of others both in daily life and when making socially consequential judicial decisions.
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