On the phylogeny and evolution of Mesozoic and extant lineages of Adephaga (Coleoptera, Insecta)
On the phylogeny and evolution of Mesozoic and extant lineages of Adephaga (Coleoptera, Insecta)
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关于Adephaga（鞘翅目、昆虫纲）中生代和现存谱系的系统发育和进化
DOI：
10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00420.x
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Yang, Xing-Ke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beutel, Rolf G.;Wang, Bo;Yang, Xing-Ke
首次对Adephaga现存和灭绝谱系的关系进行了正式分析。重点介绍了中生代水生和半水生生物及其演化。Dagger Triadogyus和Dagger Mesodineutus属于Gyrinidae，是其余科的姐妹群。Dagger Triaplidae是Haliplidae，Geadephaga，Dytiscoidae Inc.的姐妹群。匕首剑科、匕首副水龙科和匕首环剑科[主要部分])。缺乏腹侧前骨关节和非常短的前胸骨突是匕首科的多形性特征。匕首弓形科和匕首天牛亚科是副反应性的。匕首Timarchopsis被放置在一个Geadephagan分支中。与其他鳍形目动物不同的是，它的后胸接近于Haliplidae的情况，具有完整的横脊和髋部，有大片和自由的中层壁。Dagger Cpoclavidae s.str.，即Exl.Dagger Timarchopsis，是一个发育不良的亚群。中胚骨骨壁融合，髋板复位，横纹缺失。Dagger Stygeonectes属于这种异形眼镜蛇单位，因此被错放在Dagger Timarchopsinae中。匕首科属于异形科亚群，它还包括现存的蜘蛛科、双螺科、水蛛科和异形科。Dagger Parahygrobia是Hygrobiidae的姊妹群。幼虫的特点是骨节宽大，无凹陷，可伸缩的上颌基座，尾骨很长，具长毛。匕首亚科是现存剑科的姊妹群。不支持分支匕首Eodromeinae和锥虫科，包括。匕首水飞蛾。匕首堡垒嵌套在宪兵科内。排除化石类群对分枝格局没有影响。讨论了Adephaga在中生代的演化。剑鱼灭绝的原因可能是硬骨鱼的兴起，以及拥有有效防御腺体和下颌幼体吸食通道的双鱼科和双鱼科的竞争。
The relationships of extant and extinct lineages of Adephaga were analysed formally for the first time. Emphasis is placed on the aquatic and semiaquatic groups and their evolution in the Mesozoic. dagger Triadogyrus and dagger Mesodineutus belong to Gyrinidae, the sister group of the remaining families. dagger Triaplidae are the sister group of the following groups (Haliplidae, Geadephaga, Dytiscoidea incl. dagger Liadytidae, dagger Parahygrobiidae and dagger Coptoclavidae [major part]). The lack of a ventral procoxal joint and a very short prosternal process are plesiomorphies of dagger Triaplidae. dagger Coptoclavidae and dagger Timarchopsinae are paraphyletic. dagger Timarchopsis is placed in a geadephagan clade. In contrast to other coptoclavids, its metathorax is close to the condition found in Haliplidae, with a complete transverse ridge and coxae with large plates and free mesal walls. dagger Coptoclavidae s.str., i.e. excl. dagger Timarchopsis, is a dytiscoid subgroup. The mesal metacoxal walls are fused, the coxal plates are reduced, and the transverse ridge is absent. dagger Stygeonectes belongs to this dytiscoid coptoclavid unit and is therefore misplaced in dagger Timarchopsinae. dagger Liadytidae belongs to a dytiscoid subgroup, which also comprises the extant families Aspidytidae, Amphizoidae, Hygrobiidae and Dytiscidae. dagger Parahygrobia is the sister group of Hygrobiidae. The larvae are characterized by a broad gula, the absence of the lacinia, retractile maxillary bases and very long urogomphi set with long setae. dagger Liadytiscinae is the sister group of extant Dytiscidae. There is no support for a clade dagger Eodromeinae and for Trachypachidae incl. dagger Eodromeinae. dagger Fortiseode is nested within Carabidae. The exclusion of fossil taxa has no effect on the branching pattern. The evolution of Adephaga in the Mesozoic is discussed. Possible reasons for the extinction of dagger Coptoclavidae are the rise of teleost fish and the competition of Gyrinidae and Dytiscidae, which possess efficient defensive glands and larval mandibular sucking channels.