Sex-specific effects of protein and carbohydrate intake on reproduction but not lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster.
Sex-specific effects of protein and carbohydrate intake on reproduction but not lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster.
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DOI：
10.1111/acel.12333
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发表时间：
2015-08
期刊：
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Hunt J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jensen K;McClure C;Priest NK;Hunt J
适度的饮食限制可以延长多种类群的寿命（LS），并且通常对女性的影响大于男性。传统上，这被归因于女性的 LS 和繁殖之间的权衡比男性更强，这是由卡路里摄入介导的。然而，最近的研究表明，特定营养素的摄入可以延长 LS 并调节这种权衡。在这里，我们使用几何框架 (GF) 来研究蛋白质 (P) 和碳水化合物 (C) 摄入量对果蝇 LS 和繁殖的性别特异性影响。我们发现，两性在高碳摄入和低磷摄入时，LS 最大化，而营养摄入对生殖的影响不同。在相同营养摄入量下，雄性后代的产蛋率和 LS 最大化，而在 P:C 比例为 1:2 的高日粮摄入量下，雌性产蛋率最大化。这导致雌性 LS 和繁殖的营养依赖最佳值差异大于雄性，并且两性之间终生繁殖的最佳营养摄入量也存在差异。在饮食选择下，两性遵循相似的喂养轨迹，P:C 比例约为 1:4。因此，两性都没有达到终生繁殖的最佳营养，这表明在营养优化方面存在座内性冲突。我们的研究表明黑腹果蝇繁殖营养需求存在明显的性别差异，并且加入了越来越多的研究挑战热量限制在延长 LS 中的作用。
Modest dietary restriction extends lifespan (LS) in a diverse range of taxa and typically has a larger effect in females than males. Traditionally, this has been attributed to a stronger trade-off between LS and reproduction in females than in males that is mediated by the intake of calories. Recent studies, however, suggest that it is the intake of specific nutrients that extends LS and mediates this trade-off. Here, we used the geometric framework (GF) to examine the sex-specific effects of protein (P) and carbohydrate (C) intake on LS and reproduction in Drosophila melanogaster. We found that LS was maximized at a high intake of C and a low intake of P in both sexes, whereas nutrient intake had divergent effects on reproduction. Male offspring production rate and LS were maximized at the same intake of nutrients, whereas female egg production rate was maximized at a high intake of diets with a P:C ratio of 1:2. This resulted in larger differences in nutrient-dependent optima for LS and reproduction in females than in males, as well as an optimal intake of nutrients for lifetime reproduction that differed between the sexes. Under dietary choice, the sexes followed similar feeding trajectories regulated around a P:C ratio of 1:4. Consequently, neither sex reached their nutritional optimum for lifetime reproduction, suggesting intralocus sexual conflict over nutrient optimization. Our study shows clear sex differences in the nutritional requirements of reproduction in D. melanogaster and joins the growing list of studies challenging the role of caloric restriction in extending LS.